正常青年人宽频声导抗测试及声能吸收率的研究  

Wideband Acoustic Immittance and Rate of Acoustic Absorption in Normal Young People

作　　者：刘乙娜 宗小芳 王倩滢 潘小燕[1,2] 康厚墉 雷艳[1,2] LIU Yina;ZONG Xiaofang;WANG Qianying;PAN Xiaoyan;KANG Houyong;LEI Yan(Department of Otolaryngology,First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉科,重庆400016 [2]重庆医科大学第一临床学院听力与言语康复学系

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2025年第2期201-206,共6页Chinese Journal of Otology

摘　　要：目的探讨听力正常青年人宽频声导抗(wideband acoustic immittance,WAI)测试结果的正常参数及其相关影响因素。方法选取2023年7月1日至2024年1月30日重庆医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻喉科收集的健康志愿者,纯音听阈测试结果正常和耳镜检查鼓膜正常的青年128例,256耳,进行WAI测试。通过测试获取正常青年人的共振频率范围,并绘制环境压力和峰压下的声能吸收率曲线图。分析性别、耳侧别、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、外耳道容积(ear canal volume,ECV)对共振频率的影响,并探讨性别、耳侧别、BMI对环境压力和峰压下声能吸收率的影响。结果对共振频率和声能吸收率进行统计分析得出:(1)正常青年人的共振频率为891.63±224.48 Hz。(2)正常青年人的声能吸收率曲线在低频时缓慢上升,在1~2 kHz范围内达到次峰,后随着频率增加逐渐减小,在2~4 kHz之间达到主峰,后又随着频率的增加逐渐减小,而在7~8 kHz范围有上升趋势,曲线呈不对称的倒“W”型;声能吸收率的峰值出现在3267~4237 Hz频率段,约为75%。(3)女性共振频率(910.21±214.59 Hz)略高于男性(861.87±237.58 Hz),二者之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.094);左耳共振频率(903.46±226.23 Hz)略高于右耳(879.71±222.96 Hz),同样二者之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.399)。(4)ECV、BMI与共振频率之间存在显著的负相关性,共振频率随ECV的增大而减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,r=-0.394);共振频率随BMI的增大而减小,差异有统计学意义(P=0.022,r=-0.202)。(5)在226~8000 Hz频率范围,不同性别在不同压力下的声能吸收率具有差异性(P<0.05)。(6)在峰压下,双耳间的声能吸收率没有差异性(P=0.393);在环境压力下,双耳间的声能吸收率差异无统计学意义(P=0.405)。(7)在峰压下,226~374.58 Hz、5822.61~5993.23 Hz频率段,BMI与声能吸收率存在正相关性;385.55~514.65 Hz、943.87~1122.46 Hz、5495.81~5656.85 Hz频率段,BMI与声Objective To report wideband acoustic immittance(WAI)test results and influencing factors in young people with normal hearing.Methods A total of 128 young individuals(256 ears)with normal pure tone audiometry profiles and normal tympanic membranes by otoscopy from the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were recruited to receive WAI tests from July 1,2023 to January 30,2024,to determine resonance frequency range and sound energy absorption rate curves under ambient and peak pressures.The effects of gender,side,body mass index(BMI)and equivalent ear canal volume(ECV)on the resonance frequency were analyzed,as well as their effects on the sound energy absorption rate under ambient and peak pressures.Results The resonance frequency in this group of normal young people was 891.63±224.48 Hz.The sound energy absorption rate rose slowly at low frequencies,reached a secondary peak in the 1~2 kHz range,then gradually decreased with increasing frequency but reached the main peak in the 2~4 kHz range,followed by another gradual decrease,showing an asymmetrical inverted"W"shape with an upward trend in the 7~8 kHz range.The peak of the sound energy absorption occurred between 3267~4237 Hz in approximately 75%of the subjects.The resonance frequency in females(910.21±214.59 Hz)was slightly higher than in males(861.87±237.58 Hz),although not statistically significant(P=0.094),similar to the difference between the left ear(903.46±226.23 Hz)and right ear(879.71±222.96 Hz)(P=0.399).The resonance frequency decreased as ECV and BMI increased(P<0.001,r=-0.394 and P=0.022,r=-0.202,respectively),showing a negative correlation.In the 226~8000 Hz frequency range,the sound energy absorption rate variation under different pressures was different between males and females(P<0.05).There was no difference in sound energy absorption rates between the two ears under peak pressure,(P=0.393),nor under ambient pressure(P=0.405).BMI was positively correlated with sound energy absorp

关 键 词：宽频声导抗 声能吸收率 共振频率 中耳功能评估 

分 类 号：R764.04[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]