泄漏孔径对气相CO_(2)管道压降及扩散影响试验  

Test on influence of leakage hole size on pressure drop and dispersion of gas-phase CO_(2)pipelines

作　　者：辛保泉 党文义 喻健良[4] 葛春涛 曹琦 XIN Baoquan;DANG Wenyi;YU Jianliang;GE Chuntao;CAO Qi(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety,Qingdao Shandong 266071,China;SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao Shandong 266071,China;SINOPEC National Petrochemical Project Risk Assessment Technical Center Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao Shandong 266071,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Liaoning 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,山东青岛266071 [3]中石化国家石化项目风险评估技术中心有限公司,山东青岛266071 [4]大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2025年第2期152-159,共8页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：中国石化科技部资助项目(A-671)。

摘　　要：为探究不同孔径时的气相CO_(2)输送管道泄漏扩散特征,基于工业级管道开展50、100和233 mm孔径的室外CO_(2)泄漏试验。首先,根据压降试验分析管内压力随泄漏时间的变化特征;然后,基于建立的理论模型预测泄漏流量和压降变化,并通过试验进行验证;最后,分析泄漏口不同位置的CO_(2)体积分数变化。结果表明:在泄漏第I阶段压降速率最大,3类泄漏孔径的压降速率为93.4~1967.5 kPa/s;3类泄漏孔径的管内压力下降至环境压力所需时间为14.2~149.8 s,随着泄漏孔径增加,压降过程趋近于断崖式下降;3类孔径计算得出的泄漏量与试验实际释放量的相对误差为0.25%~4.54%;基于预测模型获得的压降曲线整体上略低于试验压降曲线,但压降变化趋势及持续时间等均与试验结果非常接近,表明建立的泄漏量和压降预测模型较为可靠;在距离泄漏口5~17 m范围内体积分数峰值随泄漏孔径的增大显著增加,17 m范围外不同泄漏孔径体积分数峰值趋近相同;5%体积分数的气相CO_(2)泄漏扩散影响距离为26 m。In order to investigate the leakage and dispersion patterns of gas-phase CO_(2)transport pipelines with different hole sizes,outdoor CO_(2)leakage test with apertures of 50 mm,100 mm and 233 mm were carried out based on industrial pipelines.Firstly,according to the pressure drop experiment,the variation law of the pressure in the pipe with the leakage time was analyzed.Then,based on the established theoretical model,the leakage flow and pressure drop changes were predicted and verified by experiments.Finally,the variation of CO_(2)volume fraction at different positions of the leakage port was studied.The result shows that the pressure drop rate in the first stage of leakage is the largest.Among them,the pressure drop rate of the three leakage hole sizes is 93.4-1967.5 kPa/s.It takes 14.2-149.8 s for the pressure in the pipe with three leakage hole sizes to drop to the ambient pressure.With the increase of the leakage hole size,the pressure drop process tends to be a cliff type drop.According to the established theoretical model,the relative error between the calculated leakage quality and the experimental actual release is 0.25%-4.54%.The pressure drop curve obtained based on the predictive model is generally slightly lower than the experimental pressure drop curve.However,the variation trend and duration of pressure drop are very close to the experimental results.It shows that the established theoretical method for predicting leakage quality and pressure drop is reliable.In the range of 5-17 m from the leakage port,the peak volume fraction increased significantly with the increase of the leakage hole size.The peak volume fraction of different leakage hole size outside the range of 17 m approaches the same.The dispersion distance of 5%volume fraction of gaseous CO_(2)leakage is 26 m.

关 键 词：泄漏孔径 CO_(2)管道 压降 扩散 泄漏量 泄漏试验 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]