不同温度制备的云南松切梢小蠹蠹害木生物炭对黑麦草土壤微生物群落的影响  

Effects of Tomicus yunnanensis-damaged Pinus yunnanensis Wood Biochar Pyrolyzed at Different Temperatures on Soil Microbial Community of Lolium perenne

作　　者：赵敏 李常春 温晓林 胡青 郭翠莲 杨旭 张传光 彭明俊 ZHAO Min;LI Changchun;WEN Xiaolin;HU Qing;GUO Cuilian;YANG Xu;ZHANG Chuanguang;PENG Mingjun(Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Lyuhui Landscape Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650000,China;Agricultural and Rural Development Service Center,Jiangpo Town,Mouding County,Mouding 675509,China;College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;National Positioning Observation and Research Station for Central Yunnan Plateau Forest Ecosystem,Kunming 650204,China;Provincial Field Observation and Research Station for Central Yunnan Plateau Forest Ecosystem,Kunming 650204,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南绿汇景观工程有限公司,云南昆明650000 [3]牟定县江坡镇农业农村发展服务中心,云南牟定675509 [4]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [5]云南滇中高原森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,云南昆明650204 [6]滇中高原森林生态系统云南省野外科学观测研究站,云南昆明650204

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期142-150,共9页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32060265);云南省科技厅高层次科技人才及创新团队选拔专项“技术创新人才培养对象项目”(202205AD160016);云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划项目(202405AM340001)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同温度制备的云南松切梢小蠹蠹害木生物炭对黑麦草土壤真菌和细菌群落多样性的影响,以明确云南松蠹害木生物炭在植物种植中应用的可行性,为云南松蠹害木的利用提供科学依据。【方法】设置黑麦草盆栽试验,以未添加生物炭的土壤为对照组(CK),以添加300、500和700℃条件下制备的生物炭土壤为试验组(分别记为T300、T500和T700),待黑麦草生长240 d后,采用高通量测序技术对土壤样品进行测序,分析不同处理的土壤真菌和细菌群落多样性。【结果】(1)在门水平上,土壤真菌优势类群均为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子囊菌门(Basidiomycota)和被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota),土壤细菌优势类群均为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexia)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),各优势类群的相对丰度在处理间差异不显著;在属水平上,未分类真菌和细菌的占比较高,分别高于48%和69%。(2)添加生物炭后,土壤真菌和细菌的操作分类单元种类组成发生显著变化,但这一变化在门水平上未能体现。(3)土壤真菌群落的Chao1、Pielou、Shannon-Weiner和Simpson指数均表现为CK>T300>T500>T700,细菌群落的各多样性指数均表现为T300>T500>CK>T700,但4个处理间的多样性指数差异均不显著。(4)T500与T700、T300与CK处理间的真菌和细菌群落组成相似性较高。【结论】云南松蠹害木生物炭可在300、500和700℃条件下制备,且添加该生物碳不会对黑麦草的土壤真菌和细菌群落结构及物种多样性产生不良影响。综合考虑云南松蠹害木生物炭对黑麦草土壤微生物群落的影响以及生物炭制备的成本,建议在300和500℃条件下制备该生物炭。[Purpose]To explore the effects of Tomicus yunnanensis-damaged Pinus yunnanensis wood biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures on the diversity of fungi and bacteria communities in Lolium perenne soil,clarifying the feasibility of P.yunnanensis weevil-infested wood biochar in plant cultivation,and providing scientific basis for the utilization of P.yunnanensis weevil-infested wood.[Methods]A pot experiment of L.perenne was set up,with soil without adding biochar as the control group(CK),and soil with biochar prepared under the temperature of 300,500 and 700℃as the experimental groups(recorded as T300,T500 and T700,respectively).After the L.perenne grew for 240 days,the high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the soil samples,and the diversity of soil fungal and bacterial communities in different treatments was analyzed.[Results]1)At the phylum level,the dominant groups of soil fungi were Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,and Mortierellomycota,while the dominant groups of soil bacteria were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,Chloroflexia,Gemmatimonadetes,and Bacteroidetes,and the relative abundance of each dominant group did not differ significantly among treatments.At the genus level,the proportions of unclassified fungi and bacteria were higher,exceeding 48%and 69%,respectively.2)After adding biochar,there was a significant change in the composition of soil fungal and bacterial operational taxonomic units,but this change was not reflected at the phylum level.3)The Chao1,Pielou,Shannon-Weiner,and Simpson indices of the soil fungal community were all CK>T300>T50>T700,and the various diversity indices of the bacterial community were all T300>T500>CK>T700,but there was no significant difference among the four treatments.4)The similarity in fungal and bacterial community composition between T500 and T700,T300 and CK,were higher.[Conclusion]P.yunnanensis weevil-infested wood biochar can be prepared at 300,500 and 700℃,and the adding of this biochar does not have a negative impact on the soil

关 键 词：云南松 切梢小蠹 生物炭 优势菌群 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S763.712.57[农业科学—森林保护学]