土地征收阻碍了教育代际向上流动吗  

Does Land Expropriation Hinder the Intergenerational Upward Mobility in Education?

作　　者：彭小辉[1] 俞泳波 戴万慧 史清华[2] PENG Xiaohui;YU Yongbo;DAI Wanhui;SHI Qinghua(Nanjing Normal University,210023;Shanghai Jiao Tong University,200030)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学商学院,210023 [2]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院,200030

出　　处：《财贸经济》2025年第3期127-143,共17页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“失地对子女人力资本积累的影响、作用机制和干预政策研究”(21BJY239);国家社会科学基金重大项目“劳动力流动视角下健全城乡融合发展机制研究”(21&ZD077);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“共同富裕目标下农民幸福感提升路径研究”(2022SJZD146)。

摘　　要：教育是人力资本积累的重要途径,是阻断贫困代际传递的有效手段,也是促进社会流动的重要机制。本文运用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,从教育代际流动的视角出发,采用教育代际流动矩阵和计量方法,考察土地征收对教育代际向上流动的影响及作用机制。实证结果表明,土地征收显著降低了教育代际向上流动的概率,不利于社会公平和阶层流动,且这一结论不随子代性别、城乡和地区不同而改变。机制分析表明,土地征收主要通过减少子女教育投入和提高子女留守概率影响教育代际向上流动,并且从长期来看,土地征收对教育投入产生了持续的负向影响,抑制了被征地农民家庭子女的人力资本积累。本文的研究结论可为通过教育干预和教育补偿促进教育代际向上流动,提高被征地农民家庭内生发展能力提供决策参考。The large-scale urbanization has led to the expropriation of a lot of land such that there are a large number of landless farmers in China.The existing literature mainly focuses on the social welfare of landless peasants while there are few studies on how land expropriation affects the equity of educational opportunities and the intergenerational upward mobility in education.As an exogenous shock,land expropriation has significant intergenerational transmission.After farmers lose their land,their family environment and economic situation will change,and they will face problems such as damage to their economic interests and difficulties in social adaptation,which will not only affect the development of their own human capital,but also affect the accumulation of human capital of their children.This paper uses the data from China Family Panel Studies(CFPS).We find that land expropriation significantly reduces the probability of intergenerational upward mobility in education,which is not conducive to social equity and class mobility,and this conclusion does not change with the gender of children,urban-rural and regional differences.This paper provides new evidence for the existence of intergenerational transmission of exogenous shocks.Further mechanism analysis shows that land expropriation affects the intergenerational upward mobility in education mainly by reducing the investment in children’s education and increasing the probability of children being left behind.The conclusions of this paper can shed light on the decision-making related to education intervention and education compensation to promote the intergenerational upward mobility in education and improve the endogenous development capacity of the land-expropriated peasant families.The paper contributes to the existing literature in three ways.First,it extends the research on the human capital accumulation of landless farmers‘children.Currently,there are many academic studies on landless farmers or intergenerational educational mobility,but few focus on

关 键 词：土地征收 教育投入 教育代际向上流动 人力资本 

分 类 号：F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学]