小齿轮轴断裂原因分析  

Cause analysis of pinion shaft fracture

作　　者：张德美 梁晓东 王霜叶 ZHANG Demei;LIANG Xiaodong;WANG Shuangye(Chongqing Institute of Optics and Mechanics Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401123,China;Chongqing Chongke Physical and Chemical Test&Metrology Center Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400020,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市光学机械研究所有限公司,重庆401123 [2]重庆市重科理化计量中心有限公司,重庆400020

出　　处：《物理测试》2025年第1期45-50,共6页Physics Examination and Testing

摘　　要：某空调系统设备安装完成后的试运行有异响,运行约400 h无法继续运行,拆机后发现压缩机小齿轮轴的轴端部螺纹部位发生断裂。本文从化学成分、硬度、力学性能、显微组织、断面微观形貌等方面对断裂小齿轮轴进行了综合分析。实验结果表明,小齿轮轴的C含量超过了EN10084-2008标准规定的上限;硬度超过产品技术要求;断后伸长率和断面收缩率低于产品技术要求;存在合金元素偏析;调质过程中在螺纹根部产生裂纹。这些因素的共同存在导致小齿轮轴早期断裂。There was abnormal noise for one air conditioning system equipment during commissioning after installation,and it could not continue to run after about 400 h.The dismantling results showed that the threaded part of shaft end of compressor pinion shaft was broken.The pinion shaft was comprehensively analyzed through chemical composition,hardness,mechanical property,microstructure and micromorphology of fracture.The results showed that the carbon content in pinion shaft exceeded the upper limit specified in EN10084-2008.The hardness exceeded the technical requirements of the product.The percentage elongation after fracture and the percentage reduction of area were lower than technical requirements of the product.There was segregation of alloying elements.The cracks were generated at the root of thread in thermal refining.The combined effect of these factors caused the premature failure of pinion shaft.

关 键 词：断裂 硬度 成分偏析 调质 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]