广州市黄埔区2019-2023年登革热媒介白纹伊蚊监测结果分析  

Analysis of surveillance results of the dengue vector Aedes albopictus in Huangpu District,Guangzhou,China,2019-2023

作　　者：杜春生 古灵满 龙军标[1] 廖鉴郑 DU Chun-sheng;GU Ling-man;LONG Jun-biao;LIAO Jian-zheng(Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Division,Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510700,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市黄埔区疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制科,广东广州510700

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2025年第1期44-48,65,共6页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

摘　　要：目的了解广州市黄埔区白纹伊蚊密度变化和季节消长规律,评估登革热传播风险,为登革热蚊媒防控对策的制定提供依据。方法收集2019-2023年黄埔区17个街镇白纹伊蚊密度监测资料,整理分析布雷图指数(BI)、标准间指数(SSI)、诱蚊诱卵指数(MOI)和成蚊密度指数(ADI)等指标的趋势变化,采用描述流行病学方法对数据进行分析,根据幼蚊指数(BI或SSI)和成蚊密度(MOI或ADI)判定蚊媒密度风险等级,率的比较采用χ2检验。结果2019-2023年黄埔区的BI、SSI、MOI、ADI分别为2.91~5.58、0.64~1.41、4.18~7.52和2.63~5.15只(/人·h);白纹伊蚊种群密度每年11月至次年3月处于较低水平,进入4月后呈快速上升趋势,5-9月处于高峰平台期,10月后逐渐下降;0级风险等级街镇占比在1-2月达到最高值,一级、二级和三级风险等级街镇占比在4-10月处于高峰平台期;2019-2022年蚊媒密度监测点中,二级和三级风险等级的占比呈逐年下降趋势,2023年则显著增加。结论蚊虫孳生地排查清理应在4月前开始;蚊媒密度在5-9月处于高峰期,登革热传播风险较大,需提高群众的防蚊意识,及时开展灭蚊行动,预防登革热疫情的发生和扩散。Objective To investigate the density changes and seasonal fluctuations of Aedes albopictus in Huangpu District,Guangzhou,China,and evaluate the risk of dengue fever transmission,so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of the dengue vector.Methods The surveillance data on the density of Ae.albopictus between 2019 and 2023 were collected from 17 subdistricts/townships in Huangpu District.The data were sorted and analyzed for changes in indices such as Breteau index(BI),standard space index(SSI),mosquito ovitrap index(MOI),and adult mosquito density index(ADI).Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the data and determine the risk levels of mosquito vector density based on larval mosquito indices(BI or SSI)and adult mosquito densities(MOI or ADI).Chi-square tests were used for comparing the rates.Results From 2019 to 2023,BI,SSI,MOI,and ADI in Huangpu District were 2.91-5.58,0.64-1.41,4.18-7.52,and 2.63-5.15 mosquito/person·h,respectively.The population density of Ae.albopictus was at a relatively low level from November of one year to March of the following year and showed a rapid upward trend starting in April;it remained at a peak plateau from May to September and gradually decreased after October.The proportion of subdistricts/townships grade 0 risk was highest in January and February,and the proportion of grades 1,2,and 3 risks peaked from April to October.From 2019 to 2022,the proportion of subdistricts/townships grades 2 and 3 risks at the mosquito vector density surveillance sites showed a decreasing trend year by year,while it significantly increased in 2023.Conclusions The inspection and cleaning of mosquito breeding sites should begin earlier than April.The mosquito vector density peaks from May to September,posing a high risk of dengue fever transmission.It is necessary to raise public awareness of mosquito prevention,conduct timely mosquito control,and prevent the development and spread of dengue fever.

关 键 词：白纹伊蚊 密度 登革热 风险等级 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R183.5[医药卫生—基础医学]