聚能装药结构参数对钢筋混凝土靶侵彻开孔行为影响规律的试验研究  

Experimental study on the influence of perforation by shaped charge onto reinforced concrete targets

作　　者：刘莹[1] 张晓伟[1] 张庆明[1] LIU Ying;ZHANG Xiaowei;ZHANG Qingming(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2025年第3期118-128,共11页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

摘　　要：基于大量试验结果,开展了聚能装药结构参数对钢筋混凝土靶的侵彻开孔性能研究,系统性地分析了不同因素对射流侵彻深度和开孔孔径的影响规律。结果表明,随着装药长度的增加,侵深和孔径都会增大,但超过1.2倍装药直径后,增益不再明显。在其他条件一致的情况下,采用中心起爆、低密度钟形罩,可获得更大的侵彻孔径;而环形起爆、高密度喇叭罩具有更高的侵彻深度;通过中心厚/边缘薄的药型罩可同时提高侵彻孔径与深度。随炸高增大,开孔孔径和侵彻深度先增大后减小,但最优炸高与药型罩材料有关。基于对有限厚度靶板的穿透情况,给出了可穿透靶板厚度与孔径之间的统计关系。此外,结合射流成形的数值仿真,得到了C30~C40强度混凝土靶板单位开孔体积的射流动能损耗。上述给出的定量化分析结果均基于已有试验,可为大口径开孔聚能装药结构的设计和性能评估提供参考。Based on a large number of penetration tests,the perforation performances of shaped charge structures onto reinforced concrete targets are investigated,and the influences of different factors on the penetration depth and hole diameter are analyzed systematically.The results show that:with the increase of the charge length,the penetration depth and hole diameter increase,but the increasing trend is no longer obvious when the charge length exceeds 1.2 times of its diameter.All other conditions being equal,the use of central detonation or low-density bell liners gives a larger hole diameter;while the annular detonation or high-density horn liner has a higher penetration depth.Moreover,with the increase of standoff,the hole diameter and penetration depth increase first and then decrease,however,the optimum standoff is related to the type of liner material.Based on the numerical simulation of jet forming,the relationship between the thickness of the penetrating target and the hole diameter is also given,and the kinetic energy loss per unit hole volume for C30~C40 concrete targets is obtained.The quantitative analysis results given above are based on existing experimental results and can be used as a reference for the design of large hole diameter shaped charge and evaluation of their penetration performance.

关 键 词：聚能装药 药型罩 侵彻 开孔孔径 钢筋混凝土靶 

分 类 号：TJ410.3[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]