中国古代冶金文化里的“生灵”——以笔记小说史料为核心的考察  

The Research on“Living Creature”in Metallurgical Culture in Ancient China:Based on the Historical Material of Literary Sketches

作　　者：厚望 李延祥 HOU Wang;LI Yanxiang(Institute of Cultural Heritage and History of Science&Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing,100083)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2025年第3期84-92,共9页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：金属冶炼与铸造技术和工艺,是中国几千年农业社会的重要支撑。古代笔记小说中有丰富的冶金文化史料。这些史料中的部分内容的主角是植物、动物以及金属和金属器幻化的生灵。从实用技术与经验的角度去看,有植物探矿、动物探矿以及由植物提炼金属等内容;从禁忌文化角度看有金属制品生出植物等反常现象预示灾祸的记载;从神秘、玄幻的角度看,有些金属器具有器灵而择主报恩、善待良人等故事,是农业社会伦理道德观的反映;而对有些刀剑具有预警、自主克敌等超现实性能的描写,某种程度上反映的是古人对金属与金属器的崇拜心理。展示古代笔记中诸如此类的记载并做选择性分析,以及对古人这些观点的思想基础的探寻,开启了窥望古代世界的一扇特殊学术之窗。Metal smelting and casting technology and craft had been an important support for thousands of years of agricultural society in China.There are rich historical materials of metallurgical culture in ancient literary sketches.The protagonists of these historical materials were plants,animals,and the living creatures of metal and metal objects.From the perspective of practical technology and experience,there were plant exploration,animal exploration,and the method that abstracted metal from plants;From the perspective of taboo culture,there were records of abnormal phenomena such as the growth of plants in metal products that indicate disasters;From the perspective of fantasy,some metal objects could find their“master”and treat good people kindly,which reflect the ethical and moral values of agricultural society;The description of some swords with surreal capabilities such as early warning and self defeating enemies,to some extent were ancient worship of metal and metal objects.The display and selective analysis of such records,as well as the exploration on certain viewpoints and ideological foundations of ancient people,are an effective academic window for looking back on the ancient world.

关 键 词：冶金文化 笔记小说 生灵 

分 类 号：TF-09[冶金工程] I242.1[文学—中国文学]