基于超声相控阵的隧道衬砌质量精细化检测方法及应用  

Elaborate Inspection Method for Tunnel Lining Quality Based on Ultrasonic Phased Array

作　　者：袁振宇 叶振东 安哲立 马伟斌 胡红林 郭子刚 YUAN Zhenyu;YE Zhendong;AN Zheli;MA Weibin;HU Honglin;GUO Zigang(Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Track System,Beijing 100081,China;Engineering Department,China Railway Chengdu Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610082,Sichuan,China;Chongqing-Guiyang Railway Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400014,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [2]高速铁路轨道系统全国重点实验室,北京100081 [3]中国铁路成都局集团有限公司工务部,四川成都610082 [4]渝黔铁路有限责任公司,重庆400014

出　　处：《隧道建设(中英文)》2024年第S2期237-244,共8页Tunnel Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目-高铁联合基金(U1934218);国铁集团系统性重大课题(P2022G055);铁路青年人才托举工程资助;高速铁路与城轨交通系统技术国家工程研究中心开放项目(2023YJ378)。

摘　　要：为提高隧道衬砌内部缺陷检测方法的精细度、准确性与稳定性,降低漏检、误检风险,提出一种基于超声相控阵技术的隧道衬砌质量精细化检测方法。综合考虑衬砌拱形空间缺陷分布规律及设备检测能力,围绕精细化检测网格与扫描方式提出兼顾检测效率与精细度的全覆盖连续精细化检测方法。精细化检测方法充分利用超声相控阵技术多次覆盖采集与合成孔径聚焦成像性质,与常规逐点敲击及有限测线雷达检测方式相比,能有效提高检测数据的信噪比与分辨率,提升衬砌内部缺陷检测的精细度与成像效果。通过开展衬砌质量精细化检测现场试验,完成了隧道拱顶14 m×4 m(纵向×环向)范围衬砌全覆盖精细化检测,实现了衬砌内部结构高精度三维成像,检测出衬砌内部直径14 mm钢筋及中埋式止水带的分布,验证了本文所提方法的精细化检测能力。To improve the fineness,accuracy,and stability of tunnel lining internal defect detection,and reduce the risk of leakage and misdetection,an elaborate tunnel lining quality inspection method based on ultrasonic phased array is developed.Comprehensively considering the defects distribution within lining arch space and the equipment capacity,a full-coverage continuous elaborate inspection approach is proposed based on regulate inspection grid and scanning mode,therefore balancing detection efficiency and fineness.Benefiting from the multiple coverage acquisition and synthetic aperture focusing imaging properties of the ultrasonic phased array technology,the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the detection data can be effectively improved,compared to conventional point-by-point tapping and limited-lines radar detection.As a result,the fineness and imaging effectiveness of the lining internal defects detection can be enhanced.This method is applied to a practical tunnel to perform elaborate lining inspection within the scope of longitudinally 14 m×circumferentially 4 m at the tunnel crown,the inspection ability of the method proposed is verified from detecting 14 mm-diameter rebar and central-embedded water-stop belt.The internal structure of the tunnel lining is demonstrated in three-dimensional image,contributing to accurate identification of the lining internal defects.

关 键 词：隧道衬砌 精细化检测 超声相控阵 内部缺陷 三维成像 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]