文明以止,天人相酬——兼说紫贝古邑与新传  

On The Interdependent Relationship Between Heaven and Man——A Concurrent Discussion on the Name Changes of the Ancient County of Zibei and Its New Biography

作　　者：周泉根[1] ZHOU Quan-gen(Institute of Chinese Studies,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571127,China)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学国学所,海南海口571127

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期121-129,共9页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：海南省哲学社会科学规划课题“海南汉黎交往交融历史中的女性主体性研究”[HNSK(ZC)22-184]。

摘　　要：从东坡海岛精神书写和一部古邑新传出发,对相关史地音韵、文化名相做一番知识考古,兼以揭明“天人相感”必“往来相酬”之文明寄意。百越女性纺织文化闻名中古史,尤其是海南侗台语族,成了反哺内地诸族的技术标兵。文昌土著以善织贝见载于史,彰显吉贝乃是文籍荒陋的先宋海南地理上最耀眼的人文。吉贝之为物,其音天下大同,南岛语、南亚语、侗台语等主要系属语种中皆与棉布音义同源,尤其在海南岛语言考古的所有层级都同时与棉花和布同源,且以特别的方式参与了历史的构建。进一步从语言发生学和接触语言学角度分析综合,我们认为,文昌故地物产吉贝、民擅织贝,故名吉贝,载记“紫贝”,乃土音汉写之误,与“珠崖”“交趾”等汉译南国地名一样,折射出中原对南国倚海族群的想象。隋唐更名“武德”“文昌”,亦皆土音汉写而赋以新义,其中“文”“武”皆聚落之意、昌则指山林,后者更是临语族群的专属词。而一旦汉义的“文明昌盛”取代临语的“山林之村”,从此也必将形成充满汉语意蕴的人文传统。“文”是堪配“道”的第一等概念,是天人之间相互成就的纽带和结果。古都邑既以文为名,必以文自命、以昌自期。This paper,starting from the writing of the Dongpo spirit on Hainan island and a new biography of an ancient county,conducts an archaeological study of its relevant historical,geographical,phonetic,and cultural names,while also revealing the cultural significance of"mutual interaction between heaven and man"and"reciprocal exchanges".The Baiyue women were renowned for their textile technology in medieval history,especially the Dong Tai dialect group in Hainan,which has become a technical model for feeding back other ethnic groups in the mainland.The indigenous people of Wenchang are recorded in history for their skill in weaving shellfish,which shows that Jibei is the most brilliant human and geographical aspect in the pre-Song Hainan.Jibei is an object,and its pronunciation is universal,for among the main languages such as Austronesian,South Asian,and Dong Tai,it shares the same pronunciation and meaning as cotton and cloth,especially at all levels of linguistic archaeology in Hainan Island,where it shares the same origin as cotton and cloth,and has participated in the construction of history in a special way.As shown in the further analysis and synthesis from the perspective of language genesis and contact linguistics,the ancient land of Wenchang was,as is believed,known as Jibei due to its natural resources and skilled weaving of shells by local people,hence the name Jibei,which is recorded as"Zibei".This is a mistake in the Chinese pronunciation of local names,similar to the Chinese translations of southern place names such as"Zhuya"and"Jiaozhi",which reflects the imagination of the Central Plains as to southern coastal ethnic groups.During the Sui and Tang dynasties,Zibei County was renamed"Wude"and"Wenchang",both of which were of local dialect pronounciation but written in Chinese with a new meaning,for"Wen"and"Wu"both meant settlements,while"Chang"referred to mountains and forests,which were exclusive words for the Linyu ethnic group.And once the Chinese meaning of"prosperity of civilization"replaces the Li

关 键 词：吉贝 侗台语 纺织文化 文 海南史 

分 类 号：G112[文化科学]