磷酸盐对银纳米粒子在饱和多孔介质迁移的影响  

Influence of phosphate on silver nanoparticle transport in saturated porous media

作　　者：梁艳 孟婷婷 周季妮 LIANG Yan;MENG Tingting;ZHOU Jini(School of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection(Guangxi University),Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学资源环境与材料学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西高校环境保护重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《应用化工》2025年第2期287-292,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21507015);广西自然科学基金项目(2023GXNSFAA026386)。

摘　　要：银纳米粒子(AgNPs)是目前应用最广泛的纳米材料之一。AgNPs在土壤环境中的迁移是影响其环境归趋和对地下水产生污染风险的重要过程。研究结合柱实验和迁移模型,探究了磷酸盐对AgNPs迁移行为的影响。研究结果表明,AgNPs在低浓度的磷酸盐和腐殖酸钠存在下呈非单调迁移趋势,低浓度磷酸盐与AgNPs竞争多孔介质表面的滞留位点会导致静电斥力增加,从而促进AgNPs的迁移。当磷酸盐浓度增加到一定阈值,AgNPs的迁移受到抑制,主要是因为电荷掩蔽和双电层压缩占主导地位。适量腐殖酸钠会占据介质表面有利滞留位点,增强AgNPs和介质的空间位阻效应,从而促进AgNPs的迁移。研究为AgNPs和其他颗粒污染物的环境行为和地下水污染风险评估提供了理论依据。Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)are currently one of the most widely used nanomaterials.The transport of AgNPs in the soil is a critical process affecting their environmental fate and the risk of groundwater contamination.Column experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the influence of phosphate on the transport of AgNPs.The results indicated that AgNPs exhibited a non-monotonic retention under low concentrations of phosphate and sodium humate.The phosphate competed with AgNPs for retention sites on the porous media surface,leading to increased electrostatic repulsion and promoting the mobility of AgNPs.When the phosphate concentration reached a threshold,the transport of AgNPs was inhibited,mainly due to charge shielding and the dominance of electric double-layer compression.An appropriate amount of sodium humate can occupy favorable retention sites on the media surface,enhancing the steric repulsion between AgNPs and sand surfaces,thus promoting their transport.This study provides a theoretical basis for the environmental behavior and groundwater pollution risk assessment of AgNPs and other particulate contaminations.

关 键 词：银纳米粒子 饱和多孔介质 磷酸盐 迁移行为 模型 

分 类 号：TQ131.2[化学工程—无机化工] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]