桔梗根腐病拮抗菌的筛选及生防机制初探  

Screening and biocontrol mechanism of antagonistic bacteria against root rot of Platycodon grandiflorum

作　　者：郑昭焕 余函纹 梁笑 张玉洁 王铁霖[2] 蒋超[2] 池秀莲[2] 查良平 桂双英[1,3,4,5] 刘娟 ZHENG Zhao-huan;YU Han-wen;LIANG Xiao;ZHANG Yu-jie;WANG Tie-lin;JIANG Chao;CHI Xiu-lian;ZHA Liang-ping;GUI Shuang-ying;LIU Juan(College of Pharmacy,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230012,China;State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230012,China;MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials,Hefei 230012,China;Anhui Engineering Research Center for Quality Improvement and Utilization of Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials,Hefei230012,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽中医药大学药学院,安徽合肥230012 [2]道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室,中国中医科学院中药资源中心,北京100700 [3]安徽中医药大学,新安医学与中医药现代化研究所,安徽合肥230012 [4]省部共建安徽道地中药材品质提升协同创新中心,安徽合肥230012 [5]安徽省道地药材品质提升与开发利用工程研究中心,安徽合肥230012

出　　处：《药学学报》2025年第3期825-833,共9页Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域联合基金项目(U21A20406);大健康研究院新安医学与中医药现代化研究所专项资金(2023CXMMTCM008);安徽省自然科学基金优青项目(2208085Y30);中华中医药学会青年人才托举工程项目(CACM-2023-QNRC2-B23);国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科中药资源学(药用植物学)建设项目(zyyzdxk-2023095)。

摘　　要：根腐病是桔梗种植过程中主要的根部病害之一,筛选对根腐病具有拮抗作用的生防菌株,可为绿色防控桔梗病害提供优质的菌种资源。本研究采用高通量分菌技术分离并纯化了桔梗根系的内生细菌,通过平板对峙培养法筛选出根腐病拮抗菌株R34B7,平板对峙抑菌率为52.18%;结合形态学特征、生理生化特性以及分子鉴定结果,确定拮抗内生细菌R34B7菌株为普城沙雷氏菌(Serratia plymuthica);使用桔梗组培苗接种评价其对桔梗根腐病的防治效果,发现菌株R34B7对桔梗根腐病的防效为44.44%,同时其发酵上清液对病原菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发具有明显抑制作用;通过检测拮抗菌株R34B7胞外水解酶和促生指标,发现该菌株具备产生蛋白质酶、几丁质酶、固氮、解磷、合成铁载体和吲哚乙酸的能力,具有潜在促生作用。本文筛选出的桔梗拮抗菌R34B7展现出良好的根腐病生防活性,具有深入开发和利用的广阔前景。Root rot represents a significant disease affecting the cultivation of Platycodon grandiflorum.The screening of biocontrol strains with antagonistic properties against this disease can provide valuable microbial resources for the environmentally friendly prevention and control of Platycodon grandiflorum diseases.In this investigation,high-throughput bacterial isolation techniques were utilized to isolate and purify endophytic bacteria from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum.An antagonistic bacterial strain R34B7,was identified through the plate confrontation culture method,exhibiting a notable inhibitory rate of 52.18%against the pathogen causing root rot.Morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical properties,and molecular identification results collectively confirmed that the antagonistic endophytic bacterium R34B7 belonged to the species Serratia plymuthica.The control efficacy of strain R34B7 against Platycodon grandiflorum root rot was assessed using tissue-cultured seedlings of Platycodon grandiflorum,revealing a disease control efficacy of 44.44%.Furthermore,the fermented supernatant of strain R34B7 demonstrated considerable inhibitory effects on both the mycelial growth and spore germination of the pathogen.By examining the extracellular hydrolytic enzymes and growthpromoting factors of strain R34B7,it was discovered that this strain possesses the abilities to produce protease,chitinase,fix nitrogen,solubilize phosphorus,synthesize siderophores,and produce indole-3-acetic acid,indicating its potential for growth promotion.The antagonistic bacterium R34B7 identified in this study exhibits promising biocontrol activity against root rot and holds considerable potential for further development and utilization.

关 键 词：桔梗 根腐病 生物防治 拮抗 普城沙雷氏菌 

分 类 号：R931[医药卫生—生药学]