康熙朝八旗滋生佐领初探  

An Initial Exploration of the Superfluous Niru(佐领) in the Bannermen during the Kangxi Period

作　　者：关康 Guan Kang

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所近代史史料学研究室,北京市100101

出　　处：《民族研究》2025年第1期104-114,M0005,共12页Ethno-National Studies

摘　　要：康熙时期,为了扩充禁旅并解决满蒙旗人生计问题,康熙帝下令将满洲、蒙古旗分佐领内的滋生余丁拨出,编为四百余个滋生佐领。此举补充了因战争、调拨驻防造成的京城兵力空缺,但在清廷不给予旗人择业自由的背景下未能解决旗人生计恶化的问题。此外,世袭滋生佐领激增为八旗世家提供了更多入仕机会,也间接促成了佐领承袭规则的完善。一些蒙、汉壮丁被编入满洲佐领后,逐渐与满洲旗人融合,促进了满族共同体的形成。During the Kangxi period,to expand the military strength and address the livelihood issues of the Manchu and Mongolian Bannermen,the Qing Emperor ordered the surplus Bannermen to be organized into more than 400 niru.This measure helped alleviate the shortage of troops in the capital caused by wars and the relocation of garrisons.However,it did not solve the underlying issue of poverty,as the Qing court did not grant the Bannermen the freedom to choose their occupations.Additionally,the proliferation of hereditary surplus niru created more opportunities for the Bannermen clans' taking up an official post and indirectly contributed to the refinement of niru succession rules.The integration of soldiers from other ethnic groups into the Manchu Bannermen further facilitated the consolidation of the Manchu community.

关 键 词：滋生佐领 佐领编设 八旗生计 佐领承袭 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]