恩格斯论德国共产主义萌芽的特征和意义  

Engels on the Characteristics and Significance of the Origin of German Communism

作　　者：王倩 Wang Qian

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院,北京100871

出　　处：《马克思主义理论学科研究》2025年第1期54-63,共10页Studies on Marxist Theory

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“近代国家构建视野下的德意志社会主义起源研究”(22CSS015)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：恩格斯对马克思主义理论的独特贡献之一,是关于社会主义发展史的研究。恩格斯不仅考察了社会主义从空想到科学发展的历史逻辑和理论逻辑,还对社会主义的起源进行了深入研究,他尤为关注德国模式,揭示了一条不同于英国莫尔式空想社会主义的起源路径。恩格斯将德国共产主义萌芽追溯到1525年农民战争,在唯物史观视野下,他从16世纪德国的经济发展程度和阶级结构变化出发,阐述了闵采尔革命派的宗教观和政治观,揭示了德国共产主义萌芽的实践性、理论性和革命性特征。恩格斯颇为重视16世纪德国共产主义萌芽的理论遗产,将其与19世纪德国革命进行类比来获取现实启示。恩格斯的有关研究,对于我们认识世界社会主义起源和早期社会主义的丰富内涵,具有深远的启发意义。One of Engels’unique contributions to the founding of Marxist theory lies in his research on the development history of socialism.Engels not only examined the historical and theoretical logic of the development from utopian socialism to scientific socialism,but also conducted in-depth research on the origin of socialism,among which he paid special attention to the German model distinct from Thomas More’s utopian socialism in England.Engels traced the origin of German communism back to the 1525 Peasants’War.Based on historical materialism,he analyzed the economic development level and the class structure change in the 16th century Germany,expounding on the religious and political views of Thomas Müntzer’s revolutionary faction.In doing so,he revealed the characteristics of German communism manifested in practicality,theoretical depth,and revolutionary.Engels attached great importance to the theoretical legacy of the 16th century German communism,and drew practical inspiration by comparing it with the German revolution in the 19th century.Engels’relevant research is of far-reaching significance for us to understand the origin of world socialism and the rich connotations of early socialism.

关 键 词：恩格斯 社会主义发展史 空想社会主义 德国农民战争 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]