基于中西医临床病症特点的2型糖尿病合并高血压动物模型分析  

Characterization of Animal Models of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension Based on Clinical Symptoms in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

作　　者：王梓仪 范星宇 贾裕智 何庆勇[1] WANG Ziyi;FAN Xingyu;JIA Yuzhi;HE Qingyong(Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院广安门医院,北京100053

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2025年第7期230-236,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家高层次人才特殊支持计划“国家万人计划”——国家青年拔尖人才项目(SQ2022QB07670);中央高水平中医医院临床研究和成果转化能力提升项目(HLCMHPP2023064);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2023D004);首都临床特色诊疗技术研究及转化应用项目(Z221100007422081);京津冀基础研究合作专项(J200020);北京市科技新星计划-交叉合作课题(20240484704)。

摘　　要：2型糖尿病(T2DM)与高血压是常见多发的慢性非传染性疾病,在临床常同时存在,导致大量心血管事件与死亡,且病死率远超过血脂紊乱、肥胖等其他因素。该研究基于T2DM合并高血压的国内外诊断标准、指南及动物模型评价方法,对现有的T2DM合并高血压的中西医临床病症特点进行总结评价与分析。西医吻合度较高的模型有手术诱导法、化学药物诱导法中给自发性高血压(SHR)大鼠注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)、膳食诱导法中高脂高盐饮食诱导SD大鼠结合STZ注射,中医吻合度较高的模型为手术诱导法,综合中西医吻合度及优缺点,较为理想的T2DM合并高血压动物模型为手术诱导法中的两肾一夹(2K1C)法的基础上再运用高脂高糖膳食联合STZ注射,但以上模型均缺乏中医特色,评价指标特异性差。该研究发现现有T2DM合并高血压动物模型缺乏病证结合模型,原因可能与动物宏观信息的中医证候辨识与归属问题有关。对此提出了探索和完善病证结合动物模型评价标准,精准判断T2DM合并高血压动物模型各证候病理特征的模拟程度,从而建立理想的T2DM合并高血压病证结合动物模型模拟人体该共病的发生与发展过程,以期为进一步研究T2DM的发病机制及其中医药防治方案提供理想的研究手段,对糖尿病合并高血压的治疗、预防及其并发症的转归具有重要意义;同时在共患病的基础证候模型上取得突破并推广,有望为中医科学研究跨越式发展奠定基础。Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and hypertension are common and frequent chronic non-communicable diseases,which often coexist in clinical practice,resulting in a large number of cardiovascular events and deaths,and their case fatality rate far exceeds that of other factors such as dyslipidemia and obesity.Based on the diagnostic standards,guidelines,and animal model evaluation methods of T2DM with hypertension at home and abroad,this study summarized,evaluated,and analyzed the characteristics of the existing animal models of T2DM with hypertension based on the clinical symptoms in traditional Chinese and Western medicine.The animal models showing high fitting degrees with the clinical symptoms in Western medicine are mainly established by injection of streptozocin(STZ)in SHR rats in the surgical induction and chemical induction methods and feeding a high-fat and high-salt diet combined with STZ injection in SD rats in the dietary induction methods.The models showcasing high fitting degrees with the clinical symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)are mainly established by the surgical induction method.Considering the fitting degrees and the advantages and disadvantages,the ideal modeling method for T2DM with hypertension is the two-kidney,one clip(2K1C)method(a surgical induction method)combined with feeding a highfat and high-sugar diet and STZ injection.However,the available models lack the characteristics of TCM and the evaluation indicators have poor specificity.This study found that there are few animal models of T2DM with hypertension considering the characteristics of both disease and syndrome,which may be related to the identification and attribution of TCM syndromes in animal macroscopic information.In view of this problem,it is suggested that the evaluation criteria should be established and improved for the animal models combining disease and syndrome,which can help to evaluate the fitting degree of the pathological characteristics of different syndromes in the animal models of T2DM with hypertensi

关 键 词：共病 糖尿病 高血压 动物模型 中西医 

分 类 号：R259[医药卫生—中西医结合] R587.1[医药卫生—中医内科学] R544.1[医药卫生—中医学]