基于CFD/RBD耦合的并联构型飞行器近地分离特性研究  

Investigation on the ground proximity separation of a parallel arrangement vehicle based on CFD/RBD coupled method

作　　者：罗星东 侯自豪 袁雅 薄靖龙 翟茂春 李少伟 张珅榕 Luo Xingdong;Hou Zihao;Yuan Ya;Bo Jinglong;Zhai Maochun;Li Shaowei;Zhang Shenrong(Institute of Magnetic Levitation and Electromagnetic Propulsion,China Aerospace Science&Industry Corporation,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天科工飞航技术研究院磁悬浮与电磁推进技术总体部,北京100074

出　　处：《空天技术》2025年第1期48-58,共11页Aerospace Technology

摘　　要：为满足磁悬浮电磁助推发射过程中并联构型飞行器近地分离安全性分析需求,建立了基于CFD/RBD耦合的多体分离预测方法,制定了含辅助分离机构的近地约束分离策略,探究了约束分离和自由分离过程中的流场结构、气动载荷和约束载荷特性,并研究了姿控发动机工作时长对分离特性的影响。结果表明,近地激波干扰结构在约束分离阶段基本不变,飞行器头部激波的地面反射激波在自由分离阶段对机翼翼面形成直接干扰。随着飞行器抬头,超声速地面效应逐渐减弱,气动升力逐渐向自由空间状态靠近,与此同时垂向约束载荷不断减小。随着约束解除并进入自由分离阶段,头部反射激波增强了飞行器升力和低头力矩。当姿控发动机工作无量纲时间为280时,飞行器质心垂向位移将在无量纲时间1466时满足安全间距条件,此时俯仰角为θ=6.1°且约束时间恰到好处,能够更好地实现安全分离。To meet the safety analysis requirements for ground proximity separation of parallel configuration vehicles during maglev electromagnetic boost launch,a multi-body separation prediction method based on CFD/RBD coupling is established,a constrained separation strategy with auxiliary separation mechanism is developed,and the flow field structure,aerodynamic load and constrained load characteristics during constrained separation and free separation are explored.The effect of attitude control engine working time on the separation characteristics is also studied.The results show that the ground proximity shock wave interference structure is basically unchanged in the constrained separation stage,and the ground reflected shock wave of the head of the vehicle directly interferes with the vehicle wings in the free separation stage.With the vehicle's head up,the supersonic ground effect gradually weakens,the aerodynamic lift gradually approaches the free stream state,and the vertical constraint load decreases continuously.With the release of constraints and the free separation stage,the head reflected shock wave enhances the lift force and the nosedown moment of the vehicle.When the dimensionless working time of the attitude control engine is 280,the vertical displacement of the vehicle gravity center will meet the safety distance condition at the dimensionless time 1466,when the pitch angle is 6.1°and the constraint time is just right,safe separation can be better realized.

关 键 词：CFD/RBD耦合 并联构型 近地分离 超声速地面效应 电磁助推 

分 类 号：V475.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]