高原电动巡飞弹螺旋桨快速估计与优化设计方法  

Propeller rapid estimation and optimization design of electric patrol missile in plateau environment

作　　者：查家军 王正平[1] 张晓辉[1] 程奥祖 胡馨元 Zha Jiajun;Wang Zhengping;Zhang Xiaohui;Cheng Aozu;Hu Xinyuan(Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学,北京100081

出　　处：《战术导弹技术》2025年第1期15-25,共11页Tactical Missile Technology

摘　　要：针对当前电动巡飞弹动力系统难以适应高原环境的问题,提出一种总体设计需求牵引的螺旋桨快速估计与优化设计方法。首先,将高原电动巡飞弹总体设计需求映射到螺旋桨设计关键参数;然后,基于片条理论提出一种修正系数计算模型,对高原环境下电动巡飞弹的螺旋桨气动性能进行计算。使用已建立的螺旋桨气动性能快速计算模型,针对高原环境对螺旋桨扭转角、弦长分布和桨直径等参数以螺旋桨最大效率为目标进行优化设计。结果表明,螺旋桨计算模型推力和效率的计算结果在数值和趋势上与官网数据和CFD仿真结果吻合,其中最大误差低于7%;以弹簧刀300巡飞弹为研究对象,在螺旋桨直径不变的情况下优化后螺旋桨推力提高了88.9%,效率提高了5.5%,满足巡飞弹海拔5 km的高原环境飞行需求;在螺旋桨直径变化的情况下,随着直径的增大,效率持续小幅提升,直径27.94 cm时可达到最大效率77.7%,研究工作可为高原巡飞弹动力设计提供技术支撑。To address the issue of the current propulsion system′s inability to adapt to plateau environment, a propeller rapid estimation and optimization design method guided by design requirements is proposed. Firstly, the design requirements of electric patrol missile are mapped to the key parameters of propeller design. Then, based on the blade element theory, a correction factor calculation model is proposed to calculate the aerodynamic performance of the propeller in plateau environment. Using the established rapid calculation model for propeller aerodynamic performance, the parameters such as propeller twist angle, chord length distribution, and propeller diameter are optimized with the goal of maximizing propeller efficiency in plateau environment. The results show that the calculated thrust and efficiency of the propeller model align numerically and trend-wise with official data and CFD simulation results, with a maximum error of less than 7%. The study focuses on the Switchblade 300 cruise missile. With a constant propeller diameter, the optimized propeller thrust is increased by 88.9%, and the efficiency is improved by 5.5%, which can meet the flight requirements in the plateau environments at 5 km. When varying the propeller diameter, the efficiency is gradually increased with the diameter, reaching a maximum efficiency of 77.7% with the diameter of 27.94 cm.The proposed research provides technical support for the power design of cruise missiles in high-altitude conditions.

关 键 词：螺旋桨 片条理论 电动巡飞弹 高原环境 代理模型 气动计算 优化设计 

分 类 号：TJ410.2[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]