弹性环支承阻尼结构对悬臂动力涡轮转子动力学影响研究  

Study on dynamic effects of elastic ring support damping structures on cantilever power turbine rotors

作　　者：杨海 韩卓荦 王永锋 邓旺群 洪杰[3,4] Yang Hai;Han Zhuoluo;Wang Yongfeng;Deng Wangqun;Hong Jie(AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute,Zhuzhou 412002,China;Key Laboratory of Aero-engine Vibration Technology,Aero Engine Corporation of China,Zhuzhou 412002,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 102206,China;Research Institute of Aero-Engine,Beihang University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,株洲412002 [2]中国航空发动机集团航空发动机振动技术重点实验室,株洲412002 [3]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京102206 [4]北京航空航天大学航空发动机研究院,北京102206

出　　处：《战术导弹技术》2025年第1期75-82,93,共9页Tactical Missile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52205082)。

摘　　要：振动抑制是保障武器装备安全运行的重要基础,在航空发动机中广泛使用弹性环挤压油膜阻尼器(Elastic Ring Squeeze Film Dampers,ERSFD)抑制转子系统振动响应。针对多支点支承的悬臂动力涡轮转子,通过有限元分析和敏感度评估,阐明了ERSFD在不同转子特性下的减振效果。研究结果表明,合理的结构及刚度设计能够有效提升ERSFD的动力特性,为高速转子系统提供更优的抑振效果。不同弹性环支承阻尼对悬臂转子响应的幅值抑制敏感性有所不同,受转子振型等特征影响,对于双支点支承的悬臂动力涡轮,远离动力涡轮支点(5#支点)应用阻尼结构,有利于降低轴段弯曲振型下振动响应;而靠近悬臂动力涡轮支点(6#支点)的阻尼结构,对动力涡轮摆动振动响应抑制效果更显著,可实现振动响应衰减超过70%。通过有针对性地开展弹性环支承阻尼设计,可实现对多支点悬臂动力涡轮转子多阶振型下振动响应抑制。Vibration suppression is of vital importance for the safety of weapon structure systems. The Elastic Ring Squeeze Film Dampers(ERSFD) are widely used in rotating engines to mitigate the vibration response of rotor systems. Focusing on the design of ERSFDs and through the mechanism and structural characteristics of ERSFDs, their dynamic influence on cantilever power turbine rotors with multiple support points are studied, and the damping and vibration reduction effects of ERSFDs are elucidated. The results indicate that a reasonable structural and stiffness design can effectively enhance the dynamic characteristics of ERSFDs, providing a better vibration suppression for high-speed rotor systems. The sensitivity of different elastic ring supports to vibration amplitude suppression varies which is affected by the rotor vibration modes.For cantilever power turbines supported at two points, applying damping structures away from the turbine support point(5#) is beneficial for reducing the vibration response of the shaft segment under bending modes.In contrast, the damping structures located closer to the cantilever power turbine support point(6#)demonstrate a more significant effect on suppressing the vibration response of the turbine′s oscillation,achieving a vibration response reduction of over 70%. By specifically designing damping for elastic ring supports, it is possible to suppress the vibration responses of multi-point cantilever power turbine rotors across multiple vibration modes.

关 键 词：弹性环挤压油膜阻尼器 弹性支承 支承刚度特性 阻尼减振 转子动力特性 悬臂动力涡轮转子 

分 类 号：V231.96[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]