考虑多轴载荷下多接触面影响的套齿连接刚度非线性研究  

Study on nonlinear stiffness of spline joint with the influence of multiple contact surfaces and multi-axial loads

作　　者：郑华强 蒋科 于平超 陶玄君 靳祎泽 Zheng Huaqiang;Jiang Ke;Yu Pingchao;Tao Xuanjun;Jin Yize(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute,Zhuzhou 412002,China;College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京100191 [2]中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,株洲412002 [3]南京航空航天大学民航学院,南京211106

出　　处：《战术导弹技术》2025年第1期83-93,共11页Tactical Missile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52372387,52005252);民航飞机健康监测与智能维护重点实验室自主基金(NJ2024022);博士后科学基金面上项目(2022M711615);南京航空航天大学研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(xcxjh20240721);航空科学基金(2020Z039052007)。

摘　　要：刚性套齿连接是航空发动机低压转子中广泛采用的连接形式,工作中承受轴向力/弯矩/剪力/扭矩多轴载荷,导致柱面/端面/齿面的接触状态改变,致使结构刚度呈现复杂变化规律。针对该问题,基于接触有限元法,建立了多轴载荷下考虑多接触面影响的套齿连接非线性仿真模型,提出了等效刚度对接触面敏感度和接触面接触状态占比两个定量评估参数,基于此揭示了套齿连接刚度非线性特征、接触面接触状态变化规律及关键影响因素。研究表明:套齿连接等效刚度随外载荷增加显著减小,此过程中各接触面接触状态发生变化,其中定心面B对套齿连接刚度值影响最大,而定心面A和端面B接触状态变化是造成连接刚度非线性变化的主要因素。啮合齿面接触能够一定程度提高连接刚度值,但对其非线性变化特征基本无影响。随定心面紧度、螺母预紧力和扭矩增加,套齿连接刚度值均增加。As the widely used connection in the low-pressure rotor of aeroengine, rigid spline joint will transfer multi-axial load such as axial force, bending moment, shearing force and torque at work. Therefore,multi-axial load will change contact states of centering surfaces, end faces and spline surfaces, which results in complex change law of the structure stiffness. To solve this problem, based on the contact finite element method, a nonlinear simulation model of spline joint with multiple contact surface is established under multiaxial load. Two quantitative evaluation parameters, the sensitivity of equivalent stiffness to the contact surface and the ratio of contact state of the contact surface are proposed. According to these two parameters, the nonlinear characteristics of the stiffness of the spline joint, and the change law of the contact state of the contact surface are revealed, with key influencing factors. The results show that the incensement of external load results to the loss of the equivalent stiffness of the spline joint. During this process, the contact state of each contact surface changes. Centering surface B is the greatest influence on spline joint. End face B and centering surface A are the main reason of the nonlinear change of the stiffness of the spline joint. The contact of meshing spline surface can improve the connection stiffness, without effect on the nonlinear characteristics.The stiffness of the spline joint increases with the increase of the dimension tolerance of centering surfaces,preload and torque of the nut.

关 键 词：刚性套齿连接 多接触面 多轴载荷 非线性刚度 有限元仿真 接触状态 定量分析 

分 类 号：V231.96[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]