基于LDA主题模型的我国医用耗材管理政策文本的量化分析  

Quantitative Analysis of Policy Texts of Medical Consumables Management in China Based on LDA Topic Model

作　　者：陈彦丽 林陶玉 李圆圆 郭薇 郭晓颖 张亚桃 Chen Yanli(School of Medicine,Shihezi University,Shihezi,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]苏州高新区人民医院 [3]石河子大学第一附属医院

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2025年第1期46-50,共5页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于区域医联体的新疆生产建设兵团医养结合服务供给运行机制研究”(72064033)。

摘　　要：目的:从国家及省级层面分析医用耗材管理相关政策的主题结构及其差异,为医用耗材管理政策衔接及优化提供参考。方法:系统检索建库至2024年4月1日北大法宝数据库中我国医用耗材管理相关政策,利用文本计量方法和LDA主题模型对国家和省级的相关政策进行量化分析。结果:共收集77份国家和省级出台的医用耗材管理政策文本,政策发布数量在2017年和2019年迎来2次大幅提升,国家和省级平均政策力度值分别为2.6和2.3。对文本进行预处理后,分别从国家和省级政策文本中获取关键词676个和2155个。通过LDA主题建模分析,从国家政策文本中提取出医保与采购管理(占56.3%)和医用耗材的临床使用管理与质量控制(占43.7%)两大主题,东、中、西和东北地区政策围绕上述主题内容分别形成2个、3个、5个和3个主题。结论:我国医用耗材管理政策偏重医保与采购管理,省级政策总体与国家基本保持一致,但在调整与细化过程中,存在多部门协同不足、缺乏全局观、过度依赖医保与采购管理的问题。地方政府应加强政策合力,注重整体观,加大对临床使用管理与质量控制政策投入,以提高政策落实精准性。Objective To analyze the theme structure and differences of medical consumables management policies from the national and regional levels,and provide reference for the convergence and optimization of medical consumables management policies.Methods The policies related to the management of medical consumables in Peking University magic database from the establishment of the database to April 1,2024 were systematically retrieved.The text measurement method and LDA topic model were used to quantitatively analyze the national and provincial medical consumables management policies in China.Results A total of 77 national and provincial medical consumables management policy texts were collected.The number of policies increased significantly twice in 2017 and 2019.The average national and provincial policy strength values was 2.6 and 2.3,respectively.After preprocessing the text,676 national keywords and 2155 provincial keywords were obtained.Through LDA theme modeling analysis,two major themes were extracted from the national policy texts,which were medical insurance and procurement management and clinical use management and quality control of medical consumables.The policies of the eastern,central,western and northeastern regions formed 2,3,5 and 3 themes around the above theme content,respectively.Conclusion China’s medical consumables management policy focuses on medical insurance and procurement management.The provincial policy is basically consistent with the national policy,but there has some problems in adjusted and refined it,such as insufficient cooperation among different departments,lack of overall outlook,excessive depending on medical insurance and procurement management.Local government should intensify the policy synergy,value the holistic view,increase the input of clinical use management and quality control policies,to improve the policies’accuracy.

关 键 词：医用耗材管理 LDA主题模型 政策文本 

分 类 号：R19-0[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]