社区慢性病老年人睡眠质量对认知功能的影响——社交活动的中介作用  

The impact of sleep quality on cognitive function in elderly individuals with chronic diseases in the community: the mediating role of social activities

作　　者：吕玉婵 宋玉磊[1] 殷海燕[1] 戚馨如 张薛晴 徐桂华[1] 柏亚妹[1] LV Yu-chan;SONG Yu-lei;YIN Hai-yan;QI Xin-ru;ZHANG Xue-qing;XU Gui-hua;BAI Ya-mei(Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,School of Nursing,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学护理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第1期120-125,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3603600);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174095);江苏省社会发展面上项目(BE2022802);2024年江苏省研究生科研创新计划(KYCX24_2323)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨社交活动在社区慢性病老年人睡眠质量与认知功能之间的中介作用。方法 2022年5—8月采用分层便利抽样法,选取江苏省南京市、常州市、南通市、徐州市符合标准的757例社区慢性病老年人为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、北京版蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Mo CA)、匹兹堡睡眠指数量表(PSQI)等对社区慢性病老年人的社交活动频率、社交活动类型、睡眠质量、认知功能进行调查。采用PROCESS中介效应模型探索社交活动在睡眠质量与认知功能中的中介作用。结果 社区慢性病老年人睡眠质量得分与社交活动参与水平(r=-0.114,P<0.01)、认知功能(r=-0.169,P<0.001)呈负相关,社交活动参与水平与认知功能呈正相关(r=0.146,P<0.001)。中介效应检验结果显示,社交活动在社区慢性病老年人睡眠质量与认知功能之间存在部分中介作用(21.35%),中介效应为-0.019(95%CI:-0.035~-0.006)。结论 社交活动在社区慢性病老年人睡眠质量与认知功能之间起到部分中介作用,间接影响到社区慢性病老年人的认知功能。社区工作者应重视社交活动在延缓社区慢性病老年人认知衰退中的作用,全方位、多层次提高社区慢性病老年人的社会活动参与水平,降低认知障碍的发生率。Objective To explore the mediating role of social activities in the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive function among elderly individuals with chronic diseases in the community.Methods From May to August 2022,a stratified convenience sampling method was employed to select 757 elderly individuals with chronic diseases from communities in Nanjing,Changzhou,Nantong,and Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province.The study utilized a general information questionnaire,the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA),and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)to assess the frequency and types of social activities,sleep quality,and cognitive function of the participants.The PROCESS mediation model was used to investigate the mediating effect of social activities between sleep quality and cognitive function.Results The scores for sleep quality among elderly individuals with chronic diseases showed a negative correlation with the level of participation in social activities(r=-0.114,P<0.01)and cognitive function(r=-0.169,P<0.001).Furthermore,the level of participation in social activities was positively correlated with cognitive function(r=0.146,P<0.001).Mediation effect testing indicated that social activities partially mediated the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive function(21.35%),with a mediation effect range of(95%CI:-0.035 to-0.006).Conclusion Social activities play a partial mediating role in the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive function among elderly individuals with chronic diseases in the community,indirectly affecting their cognitive function.Community workers should emphasize the importance of social activities in delaying cognitive decline among elderly individuals with chronic diseases,and strive to enhance their participation in social activities through comprehensive and multi-level approaches,thereby reducing the incidence of cognitive impairment.

关 键 词：社区慢性病老年人 睡眠质量 认知功能 社交活动 

分 类 号：R338.63[医药卫生—人体生理学] R592[医药卫生—基础医学]