湖南省2023年新报告HIV感染者毒株亚型分布特征研究  

Study on the distribution characteristics of HIV strain subtypes among newly reported infections in Hunan Province in 2023

作　　者：胡敏 邹潇白[2] 贺健梅[2] 郑军[2] 唐琪 陈曦[2] HU Min;ZOU Xiao-bai;HE Jian-mei;ZHENG Jun;TANG Qi;CHEN Xi(School of Public Health,Nanhua University,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南衡阳421000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第1期160-166,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金科卫联合项目(2023JJ60014);湖南省卫生健康高层次人才支持计划项目(2023-32)。

摘　　要：目的 分析湖南省2023年新报告HIV感染者的毒株亚型特点和变化趋势,了解湖南省HIV毒株分子流行规律。方法 采集湖南省2023年新报告539例HIV感染者血样,提取RNA,采用巢式PCR扩增pol区基因,利用系统进化树与在线工具鉴定亚型和进行重组分析。结果 获得490例有效序列,以男性(77.55%,380/490)、汉族(90.20%,442/490)、异性性传播(72.04%,353/490)及60岁以上感染者(33.47%,164/490)为主。传播性耐药(transmitted drug resistance,TDR)耐药率为7.76%,TDR突变以非核苷酸反转录酶抑制剂(NNRTIs)为主。共检出16种亚型,CRF07_BC占比最大,为41.22%(202/490),其次CRF01_AE占31.84%(156/490)、CRF08_BC占8.98%(44/490)、CRF55_01B占4.29%(21/490)、B占4.29%(21/490)、CRF85_BC占2.45%(12/490)、C占1.84%(9/490)、URF占2.04%,(10/490)。CRF07_BC亚型检出07_BC_MSM和07_BC_other两个亚簇,分别占52.97%(107/202)、47.03%(95/202)。CRF01_AE共检出7个亚簇,C1亚簇占比最高,为45.51%(71/156)。独特重组型(unique recombinant form,URF)在长沙市的病例报告数最多,为40.00%(4/10),以青年群体的同性传播为主,占80.00%(8/10);CRF85_BC在邵阳市的病例报告数最多,为91.67%(11/12),以老年人群的非婚商业异性性传播为主,占58.33%(7/12)。结论 湖南省亚型分布呈多样化,较过去亚型地区分布与构成有一定的变化,出现了部分新的重组亚型,应进一步加强当地HIV亚型监测。Objective To analyze the characteristics and trends of HIV strain subtypes among newly reported HIV-infected individuals in Hunan Province in 2023,and to understand the molecular epidemiological patterns of HIV strains in the region.Methods Blood samples were collected from 539 newly reported HIV-infected individuals in Hunan Province in 2023.RNA was extracted,and the pol gene region was amplified using nested PCR.Subtype identification and recombination analysis were performed using phylogenetic trees and online tools.Results A total of 490 valid sequences were obtained,predominantly from males(77.55%,380/490),Han ethnicity(90.20%,442/490),heterosexual transmission(72.04%,353/490),and individuals aged over 60(33.47%,164/490).The transmitted drug resistance(TDR)rate was 7.76%,with the majority of TDR mutations occurring in non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs).Sixteen subtypes were detected,with CRF07_BC(41.22%,202/490)being the most prevalent,followed by CRF01_AE(31.84%,156/490),CRF08_BC(8.98%,44/490),CRF55_01B(4.29%,21/490),B(4.29%,21/490),CRF85_BC(2.45%,12/490),C(1.84%,9/490),and unique recombinant forms(URF)(2.04%,10/490).The CRF07_BC subtype included two subclusters:07_BC_MSM(52.97%,107/202)and 07_BC_other(47.03%,95/202).Seven subclusters of CRF01_AE were identified,with the C1 subcluster being the most prevalent(45.51%,71/156).Unique recombinant forms(URF)were most frequently reported in Changsha(40.00%,4/10),primarily among young individuals engaging in homosexual transmission(80.00%,8/10);CRF85_BC was most frequently reported in Shaoyang(91.67%,11/12),primarily among older individuals involved in non-marital commercial heterosexual transmission(58.33%,7/12).Conclusion The distribution of subtypes in Hunan Province is diverse,showing certain changes compared to past regional distributions and compositions,with the emergence of some new recombinant subtypes.Local monitoring of HIV subtypes should be further strengthened.

关 键 词：HIV RNA pol基因 亚型 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]