投资者—国家争端解决机制的中心化与去中心化  

Centralization and Decentralization of the International Investment Dispute Settlement Mechanism

作　　者：靳也 Jin Ye

机构地区：[1]外交学院国际法系

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2025年第1期129-136,共8页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金规划项目“北京市‘两区’建设中的法律服务市场对外开放问题研究”(22FXC015);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“中国新一代国际投资条约中的争端解决机制构建问题研究”(3162024ZYQB02)。

摘　　要：国际投资争端解决机制改革面临着中心化与去中心化两种模式选择。当前以投资仲裁为基础的ISDS机制具有明显的去中心化特征,这是由投资争端解决去政治化的历史背景、国际投资实体规则的双边化现状和国际投资争端解决中的利益冲突三重因素所造成。国际投资争端解决机制改革中以常设投资法院和多边上诉机构为代表的方案体现了突出的中心化趋势,这与ISDS机制的合法性危机、国际组织的推动作用和国际法治基本价值追求密切相关。但中心化改革过程中要对相互矛盾的需求进行平衡或取舍,并将不可避免地经历从多中心向单一中心过渡的漫长过程。中国应接受并积极参与ISDS的中心化改革,但应在中心化的ISDS机制下强化投资保护的功能并维护国家的法律解释权。The reform of the international investment dispute settlement mechanism is faced with two modes:centralization and decentralization.The current ISDS mechanism based on investment arbitration has obvious characteristics of decentralization,which is caused by the historical background of depoliticization of investment dispute settlement,the current situation of bilateralization of international investment entity rules,and the conflict of interest in international investment dispute settlement.The reform proposal of creating a permanent investment court or a multilateral appellate body reflects a prominent trend of centralization.This is closely related to the legitimacy crisis of the ISDS mechanism,the driving role of international organizations,and the pursuit of the basic values of the international rule of law.However,in the process of centralized reform,it is necessary to balance conflicting demands,and it will inevitably go through a long process of transition from multiple centers to a single center.China should accept and actively participate in the centralized ISDS reform,but it should strengthen the function of investment protection and safeguard the sovereign states'right to interpret laws under the centralized ISDS mechanism.

关 键 词：国际投资争端解决 中心化 去中心化 中国立场 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]