植物精油调控畜禽肠道免疫稳态的作用及其机制  

Effects and Mechanisms of Plant Essential Oils on Intestinal Immune Homeostasis in Livestock and Poultry

作　　者：于文静 贾慧鑫 王凯 李艳玲[1] YU Wenjing;JIA Huixin;WANG Kai;LI Yanling(College of Animal Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院动物科学技术学院,北京102206

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1448-1457,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(6222006)。

摘　　要：肠道内免疫稳态对畜禽的健康生长起重要作用。植物精油作为潜在的抗生素替代品,在调节畜禽肠道免疫稳态上发挥着良好效果。它可以通过调节肠道菌群来改变肠上皮Toll样受体表达以及维持机体辅助性T细胞17/调节性T细胞免疫平衡,促进肠道健康;另外,植物精油还可以通过改变肠道微生物代谢物,如短链脂肪酸、胆汁酸、色氨酸衍生物等,进一步改善肠道免疫功能,提高畜禽健康水平,促进畜禽健康生长。本文综述了植物精油的抗菌活性及其通过调控肠道微生物及其代谢物从而改善畜禽肠道免疫稳态的作用及其潜在机制,为植物精油在畜禽生产上的应用提供理论基础。Intestinal immune homeostasis plays an important role in the healthy growth of livestock and poultry.As a potential antibiotic substitute,plant essential oils play a good role in regulating intestinal immunity of livestock and poultry.It can change the expression of Toll-like receptors in intestinal epithelium by regulating intestinal flora and maintain the balance of T helper cell 17/regulatory T cells immune balance to promote intestinal health.In addition,plant essential oils can also change intestinal microbial metabolites,such as short-chain fatty acids,bile acids and tryptophan derivatives,further improve intestinal immune function,improve the health level of livestock and poultry,and promote the healthy growth of livestock and poultry.In this paper,the antibacterial activity of plant essential oil and its potential mechanism to improve the intestinal immune function of livestock and poultry by regulating intestinal microorganisms and metabolites were reviewed,providing a theoretical basis for the application of plant essential oil in livestock and poultry production.

关 键 词：植物精油 肠道菌群 微生物代谢 肠道免疫稳态 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]