低蛋白质饲粮中非常规饲料原料不同程度替代玉米和豆粕对生长猪生长性能、氮利用率和营养物质吸收转运的影响  

Effects of Different Substitution Levels of Unconventional Feed Materials for Corn and Soybean Meal in Low-Protein Diet on Growth Performance,Nitrogen Utilization and Nutrient Absorption and Transport of Growing Pigs

作　　者：陈青云 涂佳钰 曾祥芳[1] 谯仕彦[1] 宋青龙 蔡爽 CHEN Qingyun;TU Jiayu;ZENG Xiangfang;QIAO Shiyan;SONG Qinglong;CAI Shuang(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1614-1631,共18页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1300500)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究使用非常规饲料原料不同程度替代低蛋白质饲粮中玉米和豆粕对生长猪生长性能、氮利用率和营养物质吸收转运的影响。研究分2个试验进行,试验1选取180头初始体重为(28.94±3.58)kg的“杜×长×大”三元杂交生长猪,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10头猪(公母各占1/2)。3组分别饲喂含20.30%(高豆粕组)和10.50%豆粕(低豆粕组)以及不添加豆粕(无豆粕组)的饲粮,并通过添加不同比例木薯粉、菜籽粕、玉米蛋白粉和棉籽粕等替代玉米和豆粕。各组饲粮营养水平保持一致,粗蛋白质水平为16%。试验期28 d。试验2选取18头初始体重为(26.16±0.34)kg的“杜×长×大”三元杂交去势公猪,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。各组饲粮处理同试验1,试验期19 d,包括7 d的代谢笼适应期、7 d的饲粮适应期和5 d的全收粪尿期。结果表明:1)低蛋白质饲粮中非常规饲料原料不同程度替代玉米和豆粕对生长猪各阶段体重、平均日增重和料重比均无显著影响(P>0.05)。高豆粕组第14~28天平均日采食量显著高于低豆粕组(P<0.05)。2)与高豆粕组相比,无豆粕组生长猪十二指肠钠离子依赖的中性氨基酸转运蛋白4(Snat4)、L型氨基酸转运蛋白3(Lat3)、T型氨基酸转运蛋白1(Tat1)、阳离子氨基酸转运蛋白2(Cat2)、磷转运蛋白1(Pht1)和兴奋性氨基酸转运蛋白2(Eaat2)mRNA相对表达量显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),空肠Snat4、钠离子依赖的中性氨基酸转运蛋白5(Snat5)、Asc型氨基酸转运蛋白1(Asc1)、Pht1和Eaat2 mRNA相对表达量显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),回肠Snat4、阳离子氨基酸转运蛋白4(Cat4)、Pht1和Eaat2 mRNA相对表达量显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与低豆粕组相比,无豆粕组回肠Snat4、Pht1和Eaat2 mRNA相对表达量显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。3)与高豆粕组相比,低豆粕组和无豆粕组生长猪十�This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different substitution levels of unconventional feed materials for corn and soybean meal in low-protein diet on growth performance,nitrogen utilization and nutrient absorption and transport of growing pigs.The study was divided into two trials.In trial 1,180 Duroc×Landrace×Large White hybrid growing pigs with an initial body weight of(28.94±3.58)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 pigs in each replicate(half male and half female).The pigs in the three groups were fed diets containing 20.30%(high soybean meal group)and 10.50% soybean meal(low soybean meal group)and no soybean meal(no soybean meal group),respectively,and supplemented with different proportions of cassava meal,rapeseed meal,corn gluten meal and cottonseed meal to replace corn and soybean meal.The dietary nutrient levels of all groups were the same,and the crude protein level was 16%.The experiment lasted for 28 days.In trial 2,18 Duroc×Landrace×Large White hybrid castrated boars with an initial body weight of(26.16±0.34)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate.The diet treatment of each group was the same as trial 1.The experiment lasted for 19 days,including 7 days of metabolic cage adaptation period,7 days of dietary adaptation period and 5 days of total feces and urine collection period.The results showed as follows:1)the substitution of corn and soybean meal with unconventional feed materials in low-protein diet had no significant effects on body weight,average daily gain and feed to gain ratio of growing pigs at all stages(P>0.05).The average daily feed intake in high soybean meal group from days 14 to 28 was significantly higher than that in low soybean meal group(P<0.05).2)Compared with high soybean meal group,the mRNA relative expression levels of sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter 4(Snat4),L-type amino acid transporter 3(Lat3),T-type amino acid transporter 1(Tat1),cationic

关 键 词：非常规饲料原料 生长猪 生长性能 氮利用率 养分吸收转运 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]