低蛋白质饲粮对白羽肉鸡生长性能及心脏微量元素含量、相关酶活性和基因表达的影响  

Effects of Low Protein Diet on Growth Performance and Heart Trace Element Contents,Related Enzyme Activities and Gene Expression of White-Feather Broilers

作　　者：王冲 李笑然 廖秀冬[2] 张丽阳[2] 李顺英 林烜旭 黄靓 孙久鹏 曹春宇 刘洪丽 吕林[2] WANG Chong;LI Xiaoran;LIAO Xiudong;ZHANG Liyang;LI Shunying;LIN Xuanxu;HUANG Liang;SUN Jiupeng;CAO Chunyu;LIU Hongli;LYU Lin(Hebei Key Laboratory of Specialty Animal Germplasm Resources Exploration and Innovation,College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology,Qinghuangdao 066004,China;Mineral Nutrition Research Division,Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院动物科技学院,河北省特色动物种质资源挖掘与创新重点实验室,秦皇岛066004 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,矿物元素营养研究室,北京100193 [3]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1738-1747,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD1300504);中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费(ASTIP-IAS09);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(HBCT2024270202)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮对白羽肉鸡生长性能及心脏微量元素含量、相关酶活性和基因表达的影响。采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选取72只健康的1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡,随机分成2个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只鸡。2组饲粮粗蛋白质水平分别为21.5%(对照组)和19.5%(低蛋白质组)。试验期21 d。试验表明:与对照组相比,1)低蛋白质组的平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比和死亡率均无显著差异(P>0.05);2)低蛋白质组的心脏锌含量显著降低(P<0.05),心脏铜和锰含量呈现降低的趋势(0.05<P<0.10);3)低蛋白质组的心脏总超氧化物歧化酶、锰超氧化物歧化酶和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性及总抗氧化能力显著升高(P<0.05);4)低蛋白质组的心脏锰超氧化物歧化酶的mRNA相对表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),心脏过氧化氢酶的mRNA相对表达水平呈现降低的趋势(0.05<P<0.10)。综上所述,饲粮粗蛋白质水平从21.5%降至19.5%,对1~21日龄白羽肉鸡生长性能无明显影响,但可提高其心脏抗氧化功能及含锰或铁的关键酶活性,并降低其心脏锌的沉积,对心脏铜、铁和锰的利用未产生明显的不利影响。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of low protein diet on growth performance and heart trace element contents,related enzyme activities and gene expression of white-feather broilers.A single-factor completely randomized design was used in the experiment,seventy-two healthy 1-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)broilers were randomly allotted to 2 groups with 6 replicates per group and 6 chickens per replicate.The dietary crude protein levels of 2 groups were 21.5%(control group)and 19.5%(low protein group),respectively.The experimental period was 21 days.The results showed that compared with the control group:1)the average daily feed intake,average daily gain,feed to ratio gain and mortality of the low protein group were no significant difference(P>0.05);2)the heart zinc content of the low protein group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the heart copper and manganese contents were trend to decrease(0.05<P<0.10);3)the heart total superoxide dismutase,manganese superoxide dismutase and succinate dehydrogenase activities and total antioxidant capacity of the low protein group were significantly increased(P<0.05);4)the mRNA relative expression level of manganese superoxide dismutase in heart of the low protein group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the mRNA relative expression level of peroxidase in heart was trend to decrease(0.05<P<0.10).In summary,the reduce of dietary crude protein level from 21.5% to 19.5% not affect the growth performance of broilers during 1 to 21 days of age,but improve the antioxidant function and activity of key enzyme containing manganese or iron in heart,reduce the zinc deposition in heart,and have no significant adverse effect on the utilization of copper,iron and manganese in heart.

关 键 词：低蛋白质饲粮 微量元素 酶活性 基因表达 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]