红三叶草异黄酮对泌乳奶牛耐受性相关指标的影响  

Effects of Red Clover Isoflavones on Tolerance-Related Indices in Lactating Dairy Cows

作　　者：张仕琦 张晓音 熊展博 卜莹 李可馨 郑楠[1] 王加启[1] 林淼[2] 赵国琦[2] 赵圣国[1] ZHANG Shiqi;ZHANG Xiaoyin;XIONG Zhanbo;BU Ying;LI Kexin;ZHENG Nan;WANG Jiaqi;LIN Miao;ZHAO Guoqi;ZHAO Shengguo(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,畜禽营养与饲养全国重点实验室,北京100193 [2]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1834-1843,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中国农业科学院重大任务(CAAS-ZDRW202308);国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-36);畜禽营养与饲养全国重点实验室(2004DA125184G2406)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加红三叶草异黄酮对泌乳奶牛生产性能和机体健康的影响,对红三叶草异黄酮作为饲料添加剂的耐受性进行评价。选择24头胎次为(2.13±1.12)胎、泌乳天数为(168±23)d、产奶量为(30.73±2.70)kg的健康荷斯坦泌乳奶牛,采用随机完全区组设计,分为3组,每组8头。3组奶牛饲粮中红三叶草异黄酮的添加剂量分别为0(对照组)、0.8和8.0 g/kg DM。试验期为56 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.8和8.0 g/kg DM红三叶草异黄酮对奶牛的体重无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著降低干物质采食量(第4周及整个试验全期)(P<0.05);添加不同剂量的红三叶草异黄酮对产奶量无显著影响(P>0.05),但8.0 g/kg DM组乳糖、非脂乳固形物含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组奶牛血液中白细胞数量、红细胞数量、血红蛋白浓度和红细胞压积以及血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、肌酐、葡萄糖、总胆红素含量与谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可知,饲粮中添加0.8和8.0 g/kg DM的红三叶草异黄酮对泌乳奶牛的生产性能和生理健康无负面影响。因此,泌乳奶牛可耐受8.0 g/kg DM的红三叶草异黄酮。This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding red clover isoflavones to diets on dairy cows’performance and health,and to evaluate the tolerability of red clover isoflavones as feed additives.Twenty-four healthy Holstein lactating dairy cows with(2.13±1.12)parities,(168±23)d of lactation,and(30.73±2.70)kg of milk production were selected and divided into 3 groups of 8 cows each using a randomized complete-block design.The additive amounts of red clover isoflavones in diets of the 3 groups were 0(control group),0.8 and 8.0 g/kg DM,respectively.The experimental period was 56 days.The results showed that the addition of 0.8 and 8.0 g/kg DM of red clover isoflavones to the diets had no significant effect on body weight(P>0.05),but significantly reduced dry matter intake(week 4 and the whole trial period)compared with the control group(P<0.05);the addition of different amounts of red clover isoflavones did not have a significant effect on milk yield(P>0.05),but the milk lactose and non-fat milk solids contents were significantly higher in the 8.0 g/kg DM group than those in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the white blood cell count,red blood cell count,hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte pressure volume in the blood,and the contents of total protein,albumin,globulin,creatinine,glucose and total bilirubin and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the plasma of cows in the various groups(P>0.05).It is concluded that the addition of 0.8 and 8.0 g/kg DM of red clover isoflavones to diets has no negative effect on the performance and physiological health of lactating dairy cows.Therefore,lactating dairy cows can tolerate 8.0 g/kg DM of red clover isoflavones.

关 键 词：泌乳奶牛 红三叶草提取物 红三叶草异黄酮 耐受性 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]