发酵棕榈粕替代部分精料对肉牛瘤胃降解特性、生长性能和经济效益的影响  

Effects of Partial Concentrate Substituted by Fermented Palm Kernel Expeller on Rumen Degradation Characteristics,Growth Performance and Economic Benefits of Beef Cattle

作　　者：王金泽 叶柏平 伊思蒙 易鑫 邓子棋 刘赛格 孟庆翔 吴浩 周振明 WANG Jinze;YE Boping;YI Simeng;YI Xin;DENG Ziqi;LIU Saige;MENG Qingxiang;WU Hao;ZHOU Zhenming(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,畜禽营养与饲养全国重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1844-1857,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1301302)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在通过原位尼龙袋试验和饲养试验,探究发酵棕榈粕(FPKE)替代部分精料对肉牛瘤胃发酵特性、生长性能和采食行为、营养物质表观消化率以及经济效益的影响。试验首先以基础饲粮为对照(CON),利用尼龙袋法评价FPKE替代10%(SUB10组)和20%(SUB20组)精料对饲粮干物质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维瘤胃降解率的影响,并计算降解参数;然后根据尼龙袋试验结果设计饲养试验,选取28头体重为(441±28)kg的西门塔尔公牛,随机分为2组(每组12头),对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,替代组(SUB组)饲喂由FPKE替代基础饲粮中10%精料的饲粮。试验期161 d,其中预试期21 d,正试期140 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,FPKE替代10%和20%精料对肉牛瘤胃干物质和有机物降解率无显著影响(P>0.05);FPKE替代10%精料显著提高中性洗涤纤维有效降解率(P<0.05),但对酸性洗涤纤维有效降解率无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与CON组相比,FPKE替代10%精料显著提高肉牛平均日增重(P<0.05),并显著降低料重比(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,FPKE替代10%精料极显著提高肉牛平均日采食次数(P<0.01),但对干物质采食量无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)与CON组相比,FPKE替代10%精料对肉牛营养物质表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。5)与CON组相比,FPKE替代10%精料极显著降低肉牛单位增重饲粮成本(P<0.01),并极显著提高平均每日毛利润(P<0.01)。综上所述,FPKE替代饲粮中10%精料对肉牛饲粮瘤胃降解率和营养物质表观消化率没有负面影响,且能提高其平均日增重,降低料重比,同时提高养殖的经济效益。This study was conducted to investigate the effects of partial concentrate substituted by fermented palm kernel expeller(FPKE)on rumen fermentation characteristics,growth performance,feeding behavior,nutrient apparent digestibility and economic benefits of beef cattle through in situ nylon bag and feeding experiments.First,using a basal diet as control(CON),the nylon bag method was used to evaluate the effects of FPKE substituting 10%(SUB10 group)and 20%(SUB20 group)concentrate on the rumen degradation rates of dry matter,organic matter,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in diets,and the degradation parameters were calculated.Then a feeding experiment was designed according to the results of the nylon bag experiment,and 28 Simmental bulls with body weight of(441±28)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups with 12 cattle each.Cattle in the control group(CON group)were fed the basal diet,and those in the substitute group(SUB group)were fed the basal diet with 10% concentrate substitute by FPKE.The experiment lasted for 161 days,including 21 days of pre-trial and 140 days of trial.The results showed as follows:1)compared with CON group,the substitution of 10% and 20% concentrate by FPKE had no significant effects on rumen degradation rates of dry matter and organic matter of beef cattle(P>0.05);the substitution of 10% concentrate by FPKE significantly increased the neutral detergent fiber effective degradability(P<0.05),but had no significant effect on the acid detergent fiber effective degradability(P>0.05).2)Compared with CON group,the substitution of 10% concentrate by FPKE significantly increased the average daily gain of beef cattle(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the feed to gain ratio(P<0.05).3)Compared with CON group,the substitution of 10% concentrate by FPKE extremely significantly increased the average daily feeding frequency of beef cattle(P<0.01),but had no significant effect on dry matter intake(P>0.05).4)Compared with CON group,the substitution of 10% concentrate by FPKE had no signif

关 键 词：发酵棕榈粕 肉牛 瘤胃降解率 生长性能 经济效益 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]