发酵棕榈粕替代部分玉米和豆粕对肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响  

Effects of Partially Replacing Corn and Soybean Meal with Fermented Palm Kernel Meal on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Serum Biochemical Indices and Rumen Fermentation Parameters of Beef Cattle

作　　者：王昭喆 肖海翔 姜奥宇 刘梓欣 张嘉怡 周传社[2] 肖定福[1] WANG Zhaozhe;XIAO Haixiang;JIANG Aoyu;LIU Zixin;ZHANG Jiayi;ZHOU Chuanshe;XIAO Dingfu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Institute of Subtropical Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1858-1867,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：宁夏重点研发项目(2024BBF02016);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-37);洞庭湖区减污降碳绿色高值农业系统构建关键技术研究与示范(2023WK2003)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究发酵棕榈粕替代部分玉米和豆粕对肉牛对生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响。试验选取30头体况良好的西门塔尔杂交牛,随机分为2组,每组15头:对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在等氮的条件下用发酵棕榈粕替代精料中部分玉米和豆粕。试验期共103 d,其中预试期13 d,正试期90 d。结果显示:1)试验组肉牛生长性能与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验组肉牛的干物质、中性洗涤纤维和蛋白质表观消化率显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率无显著变化(P>0.05)。3)试验组血清总蛋白、尿素氮含量显著或极显著低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。2组间血清胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、白蛋白和丙二醛含量以及谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和总抗氧化能力差异均不显著(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,试验组瘤胃液pH以及总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、异戊酸、戊酸、微生物蛋白含量均无显著变化(P>0.05),而瘤胃液氨态氮、丁酸含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。以上结果表明,在等氮条件下以发酵棕榈粕替代精料中部分玉米和豆粕对肉牛的生长性能、养分消化代谢及瘤胃发酵功能未产生负面影响。This study aimed to investigate the effects of fermented palm kernel cake replacing part of corn and soybean meal on the growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,serum biochemical indices and rumen fermentation parameters of beef cattle.Thirty healthy Simmental crossbred cattle were randomly divided into two groups,with 15 cattle per group:the control group was fed a basal diet,while the experimental group replaced part of the corn and soybean meal with fermented palm kernel meal in concentrated feed under isonitrogenous conditions.The trial lasted for 103 days,including a 13-day pre-test period and a 90-day formal test period.The results showed as follows:1)there was no significant difference in growth performance between the test group and the control group(P>0.05).2)The apparent digestibility of dry matter,neutral detergent fiber and protein of the test groups was significantly or extremely significantly improved compared with the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while there was no significant difference in the apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber between the test group and the control group(P>0.05).3)The serum total protein and urea nitrogen contents of the test group were significantly or extremely significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the contents of cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,high-density lipoprotein,total protein,malondialdehyde,the activities of aspartate transaminase,alanine transaminase,glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity in serum between the two groups(P>0.05).4)The ammonia-nitrogen and butyric acid contents in the rumen fluid of the test group were extremely significantly lower than those in the test group(P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in the pH and the contents of total volatile fatty acids,acetic acid,propionic acid,isobutyric acid,isovaleric acid,valeric acid and microbial protein(P>0.05).The results of this study indicate that,under the isonitrogenous condition,the pa

关 键 词：发酵棕榈粕 肉牛 生长性能 血清生化指标 瘤胃发酵参数 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]