黄芪多糖粉对湖羊瘤胃体外发酵参数和微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharide Powder on Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Microflora of Hu Sheep in Vitro

作　　者：冉航 朱声鑫 刘婷[1] 徐建风 王静[1] 安俪婧 潘发明[3] 张蕙 王新基 徐国延 郑琛[1] RAN Hang;ZHU Shengxin;LIU Ting;XU Jianfeng;WANG Jing;AN Lijing;PAN Faming;ZHANG Hui;WANG Xinji;XU Guoyan;ZHENG Chen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Nawu Town,Hezuo City,Gansu Province,Hezuo 747000,China;Institute of Animal&Pasture Science and Green Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Health Commission,Lanzhou 730000,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation of Minqin County,Gansu Province,Minqin 733399,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation of Datan Town,Minqin County Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Gansu Province,Minqin 733399,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省合作市那吾镇畜牧兽医站,合作747000 [3]甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,兰州730070 [4]甘肃省卫生健康委员会,兰州730000 [5]甘肃省民勤县畜牧兽医工作站,民勤733399 [6]甘肃省民勤县农业农村局大滩镇畜牧兽医站,民勤733399

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1880-1892,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32160803);甘肃农业大学学科团队项目(GAU-XKTD-2022-20)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加不同比例黄芪多糖粉对湖羊瘤胃体外发酵参数和微生物区系的影响。选择4只健康且体重相近的4月龄湖羊作为瘤胃液供体动物。采用单因素试验设计,随机分为5个组,并分别在基础饲粮中添加0(对照)、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%和2.5%的黄芪多糖粉,每组设6个重复。体外发酵48 h,测定产气量及甲烷产量、发酵参数、营养物质降解率以及微生物区系,并采用多项组合效应指数(MFAEI)评价黄芪多糖粉对湖羊瘤胃体外发酵影响的组合效应。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,1.5%黄芪多糖粉组发酵12 h时产气量显著提高(P<0.05),慢速产气部分和潜在产气量显著提高(P<0.05);1.5%和2.5%黄芪多糖粉组24 h时甲烷产量显著提高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,1.5%黄芪多糖粉组发酵液氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)含量显著降低(P<0.05),发酵液总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量和丙酸摩尔比例显著提高(P<0.05);同时,1.5%黄芪多糖粉组发酵液乙酸/丙酸值最低,显著低于其他4组(P<0.05)。3)1.5%黄芪多糖粉组体外发酵粗蛋白质降解率最高,达到51.73%,显著高于其他4组(P<0.05)。4)各黄芪多糖粉组MFAEI从高到低排序依次为1.5%黄芪多糖粉组>2.0%黄芪多糖粉>1.0%黄芪多糖粉组>2.5%黄芪多糖粉组。5)与对照组相比,1.5%黄芪多糖粉组瘤胃体外发酵微生物区系的Chao1指数、可观测操作分类单元(OTU)数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数均显著提高(P<0.05)。在门水平上,与对照组相比,1.5%组黄芪多糖粉组广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)、脱硫杆菌门(Desulfobacterota)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),螺旋体门(Spirochaetota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和纤维杆菌门(Fibrobacterota)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。在属水平上,与对照组相比,1.5%黄芪多糖粉组瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、甲烷短杆菌属(Methanobrevibacter)和脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),UCG-005和UCThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different adding proportions of Astragalus polysaccharide powder on rumen fermentation parameters and microflora of Hu sheep in vitro.Four healthy 4-month-old Hu sheep with similar body weight were selected as rumen fluid donor animals.Using a single-factor experimental design,5 groups were randomly divided with 6 replicates per group and supplemented with 0(control),1.0%,1.5%,2.0% and 2.5% Astragalus polysaccharide powder in the basal diet,respectively.After 48 h in vitro fermentation,the gas and methane production,fermentation parameters,nutrient degradation rates and microflora were measured,and the multiple-factor associative effects index(MFAEI)was used to evaluate the combined effects of Astragalus polysaccharide powder on rumen fermentation of Hu sheep in vitro.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the gas production in 1.5% Astragalus polysaccharide powder group at 12 h was significantly increased(P<0.05),the slow gas production fraction and potential gas production were significantly increased(P<0.05);the methane production in 1.5% and 2.5% Astragalus polysaccharide powder groups at 24 h was significantly increased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N)content in fermentation broth in 1.5% Astragalus polysaccharide powder group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the total volatile fatty acid(TVFA)content and molar ratio of propionate in fermentation broth were significantly increased(P<0.05);at the same time,the acetate to propionate ratio in fermentation broth in 1.5% Astragalus polysaccharide powder group was the lowest,which was significantly lower than that in the other 4 groups(P<0.05).3)The crude protein degradation rate in 1.5% Astragalus polysaccharide powder group was the highest,reaching 51.73%,which was significantly higher than that in the other 4 groups(P<0.05).4)The order of MFAEI of all Astragalus polysaccharide powder groups from high to low was 1.5% Astragalus polysacc

关 键 词：黄芪多糖 发酵参数 微生物区系 体外 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]