棉籽壳饲粮对卡拉库尔羊与湖羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、氮代谢以及反刍行为的影响  

Effects of Cottonseed Hull Diet on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Nitrogen Metabolism and Ruminant Behavior of Karakul Sheep and Hu Sheep

作　　者：俄广旭 王继姝 黄丹 顾皓斐 张延龙 白天天 普宣宣 杨风萍 郭雪峰[1,2,3] E Guangxu;WANG Jishu;HUANG Dan;GU Haofei;ZHANG Yanlong;BAI Tiantian;PU Xuanxuan;YANG Fengping;GUO Xuefeng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Aral 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Corps,Aral 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Utilization of Livestock and Grass Resources in Huantarim,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Aral 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木畜牧科技兵团重点实验室,阿拉尔843300 [3]农业农村部环塔里木畜草资源利用重点实验室,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1893-1903,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260845)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究相同饲养管理条件下卡拉库尔羊与湖羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、氮代谢以及反刍行为的差异,为2个品种羔羊的精准饲养和管理提供基础数据。选取15日龄体重接近的卡拉库尔羊和湖羊断奶羔羊各18只,饲养至30日龄时开始使用棉籽壳饲粮替代基础饲粮进行饲喂,替代量按照前1天饲喂量6%的比例增加,并在45日龄时完全饲喂棉籽壳饲粮。分别在30、90和150日龄时每组选取6只羔羊进行为期5 d的消化代谢试验。结果显示:1)卡拉库尔羊30日龄的沉积氮、氮利用率和氮生物学价值显著高于湖羊(P<0.05),而尿氮和总排出氮显著低于湖羊(P<0.05)。2)卡拉库尔羊31~90日龄的平均日增重和净增重显著高于湖羊(P<0.05),干物质采食量极显著高于湖羊(P<0.01);卡拉库尔羊90日龄的干物质、中性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于湖羊(P<0.05);此外,卡拉库尔羊90日龄的总反刍次数、总反刍时长和夜反刍时长要极显著高于湖羊(P<0.01)。3)卡拉库尔羊150日龄的体重极显著高于湖羊(P<0.01),而食入氮则极显著低于湖羊(P<0.01)。综上所述,卡拉库尔羊较湖羊可以更快速地适应饲粮组成及结构的改变,这种适应体现在饲喂棉籽壳饲粮后短期内表现出更好的生长性能并呈现出较高的中性洗涤纤维表观消化率以及更多的反刍次数和更长的反刍时间。This experiment aimed to investigate the differences in growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,nitrogen metabolism and ruminant behavior between Karakul sheep and Hu sheep under the same feeding conditions,so as to provide basic data for the accurate feeding and management of lambs of the two breeds.Eighteen weaned lambs of Karakul sheep and Hu sheep,each with close weight at 15 days of age,were fed with cottonseed hull diet instead of basal diet until 30 days of age,with the replacement amount increased by 6% of the previous day’s feeding amount,and then completely fed with cottonseed hull diet at 45 days of age.Six lambs were selected from each group at 30,90 and 150 days of age for a 5-day digestion and metabolism experiment.The results showed as follows:1)the retention nitrogen,the utilization rate of nitrogen and the biological value of nitrogen of Karakul sheep at 30 days of age were significantly higher than those of Hu sheep(P<0.05),whereas the urinary nitrogen and total excreted nitrogen were significantly lower than those of Hu sheep(P<0.05).2)The average daily gain and net gain of Karakul sheep at 31 to 90 days of age were significantly higher than those of Hu sheep(P<0.05),and dry matter intake were extremely significantly higher than that of Hu sheep(P<0.01);whereas,the apparent digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber was significantly higher than that of Hu sheep at 90 days of age(P<0.05);moreover,the total rumination number,total rumination time and rumination time at night of Karakul sheep at 90 days of age were extremely significantly higher than those of Hu sheep(P<0.01).The body weight of Karakul sheep at 150 days of age was extremely significantly higher than that of Hu sheep(P<0.01),while the intake nitrogen was extremely significantly lower than that of Hu sheep(P<0.01).In summary,Karakul sheep can adapt more rapidly to changes in diet composition and structure than Hu sheep,and this adaptation is reflected in the fact that feeding cottonseed hulls diet shows be

关 键 词：棉籽壳 卡拉库尔羊 湖羊 生长性能 营养物质表观消化率 氮代谢 反刍行为 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]