饲料中添加色氨酸和蛋氨酸对中华绒螯蟹生长性能、消化能力、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响  

Effects of Dietary Tryptophan and Methionine on Growth Performance,Digestive Ability,Immune Function and Antioxidant Capacity of Chinese Mitten Crab(Eriocheir sinensis)

作　　者：蒋湘辉 王兴兵 李赫 胡宗云 张健 魏洪祥 杨培民 JIANG Xianghui;WANG Xingbing;LI He;HU Zongyun;ZHANG Jian;WEI Hongxiang;YANG Peimin(Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control,Liaoning Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Liaoyang 111000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省淡水水产科学研究院,辽宁省水生动物病害防治重点实验室,辽阳111000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1929-1939,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅“辽宁淡水虾蟹绿色养殖关键技术协同创新”(2022JH2/101300286);沈阳市农村科技特派团(23-411-2-17)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲料中添加色氨酸(Try)和蛋氨酸(Met)对中华绒螯蟹生长性能、消化能力、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响。采用双因素试验设计,在基础饲料中分别添加0、0.31%、0.63%的L-Try和0、0.33%、0.67%的L-Met,配制成3个Try水平(实际含量分别为0.31%、0.62%、0.94%)×3个Met水平(实际含量分别为0.66%、0.99%、1.33%),共9组等氮等脂饲料,每组3个重复。试验选取初始体重为(50.27±2.20)g的中华绒螯蟹,放养密度为4500只/hm 2。预试期10 d,正试期80 d。结果显示:1)饲料Try与Met水平对中华绒螯蟹生长性能无显著交互作用(P>0.05)。0.94%Try水平和0.99%Met水平的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率均显著高于其他水平(P<0.05),饲料系数显著低于其他水平(P<0.05)。2)饲料Try和Met水平对中华绒螯蟹肌肉中粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量均有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。0.94%Try水平及0.99%和1.33%Met水平的肌肉中粗蛋白质含量均显著高于其他水平(P<0.05),粗灰分含量显著低于其他水平(P<0.05)。3)饲料Try与Met水平对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺中胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性均有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。0.94%Try水平和0.99%Met水平的肝胰腺中胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于其他水平(P<0.05),0.62%Try水平和0.99%Met水平的肝胰腺中脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性显著高于其他水平(P<0.05)。4)饲料Try与Met水平对中华绒螯蟹血清非特异性免疫(除了酸性磷酸酶)和抗氧化指标均有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。非特异免疫指标中,0.94%Try水平和0.99%Met水平的血清碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶活性显著高于其他水平(P<0.05)。抗氧化指标中,Try水平0.94%的血清过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于其他水平(P<0.05),丙二醛活性显著低于其他水平(P<0.05);0.99%Met水平的血清过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和总抗氧化能力显著高于其他水平(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中适当补�This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary tryptophan and methionine on growth performance,digestive ability,immune function and antioxidant capacity of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis).In a two-factor experimental design,0,0.31% and 0.63%L-Try and 0,0.33% and 0.67%L-Met were added to the basal diet,nine groups of isonitrogen and isolipid diets were prepared with three Try levels(actual contents were 0.31%,0.62% and 0.94%)and three Met levels(actual contents were 0.66%,0.99% and 1.33%),and each group contained 3 replicates.The Eriocheir sinensis with initial body weight of(50.27±2.20)g were selected,and the stocking density was 4500 crab/hm 2.The pre-experimental period lasted for 10 days,and the experimental period lasted for 80 days.The results showed as follows:1)dietary Try and Met levels had not significant interaction effect on the growth performance of Eriocheir sinensis(P>0.05).The weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein efficiency of 0.94%Try level and 0.99%Met level were significantly higher than those of other levels(P<0.05),and the feed conversion rate was significantly lower than that of other levels(P<0.05).2)Dietary Try and Met levels had significant interaction effects on muscle crude protein and rude ash content of Eriocheir sinensis(P<0.05).The muscle crude protein content of 0.94%Try level and 0.99% and 1.33%Met level was significantly higher than that of other levels(P<0.05),and the muscle crude ash content was significantly lower than that of other levels(P<0.05).3)Dietary Try and Met levels had significant interaction effects on hepatopancreas pepsin,trypsin,lipase and amylase activities of Eriocheir sinensis(P<0.05).The activities of pepsin and trypsin in hepatopancreas of 0.94%Try level and 0.99%Met level were significantly higher than those of other levels(P<0.05),the activities of lipase and amylase in hepatopancreas of 0.62%Try level and 0.99%Met level were significantly higher than those of other levels(P<0.05).4)Dietary Try and Met levels had

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 色氨酸 蛋氨酸 生长 体成分 消化酶 免疫功能 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：S963.731[农业科学—水产养殖]