噬菌体对生长肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响  

Effects of Bacteriophage on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality of Growing Meat Rabbits

作　　者：郭志强[1] 陈朴然 罗劲炜 李钰莹 邝良德[1] 李丛艳[1] 雷岷[1] 杨锐[1] 郑洁[1] GUO Zhiqiang;CHEN Puran;LUO Jinwei;LI Yuying;KUANG Liangde;LI Congyan;LEI Min;YANG Rui;ZHENG Jie(Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding,Sichuan Academy of Animal Science,Chengdu 610066,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省畜牧科学研究院,动物遗传育种四川省重点实验室,成都610066 [2]西南大学动物科学技术学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1954-1962,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家兔产业技术体系(CARS-43-D-1);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川兔创新团队(SCCXTD-2024-26);四川省财政运行专项科研项目(SASA2024CZYX004);四川省“十四五”畜禽畜种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0033)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加噬菌体对生长肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选择体重相近、健康的28日龄断奶新西兰肉兔800只,随机分成5组,每组10个重复,每个重复16只(公母各占1/2)。对照组(A组)饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组(B组)饲喂基础饲粮+200 mg/kg恩拉霉素(4%)+1000 mg/kg金霉素(15%),C组、D组和E组分别饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上添加250、500和750 mg/kg噬菌体的饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明:1)随着噬菌体添加量的提高,各噬菌体添加组肉兔终末体重(FBW)和平均日增重(ADG)呈逐渐升高趋势,其中E组FBW显著高于A组(P<0.05),且E组FBW和ADG与B组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);各噬菌体添加组料重比(F/G)、腹泻率和死亡率呈逐渐降低趋势,其中E组F/G显著低于A组(P<0.05),D组和E组腹泻率和死亡率显著低于A组(P<0.05),且与B组相比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。2)随着噬菌体添加量的提高,各噬菌体添加组肉兔宰前活重、半净膛重、全净膛重、半净膛率和全净膛率均呈逐渐升高的趋势,其中D组和E组宰前活重显著高于A组(P<0.05),E组半净膛重、全净膛重和半净膛率显著高于A组(P<0.05),且与B组相比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。3)各噬菌体添加组肉兔背最长肌亮度(L^(*))值和黄度(b^(*))值显著高于A组(P<0.05),与B组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着噬菌体添加量的提高,各噬菌体添加组肉兔背最长肌pH_(45 min)和pH_(24 h)呈升高趋势,滴水损失呈下降趋势,其中D组和E组背最长肌pH_(45 min)和pH_(24 h)显著高于A组和B组(P<0.05),背最长肌滴水损失显著低于A组和B组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加适量噬菌体能够提高生长肉兔生长性能和屠宰性能,改善肉品质,达到与抗生素相当的效果;本试验条件下,肉兔饲粮中以添加500~750 mg/kg噬菌体为宜。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary bacteriophage supplementation on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of growing meat rabbits.A total of 800 healthy 28-day-old weaned New Zealand meat rabbits with similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 replicates per group and 16 rabbits per replicate(half male and half female).Rabbits in the control group(group A)were fed a basal diet,those in the antibiotic group(group B)were fed the basal diet+200 mg/kg enramycin(4%)+1000 mg/kg aureomycin(15%),and the others in groups C,D and E were fed the basal diet supplemented with 250,500 and 750 mg/kg bacteriophage,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days and the experimental period lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)with the increase of bacteriophage supplementation,the final body weight(FBW)and average daily gain(ADG)of meat rabbits in each bacteriophage supplemental group were gradually increased,the FBW in group E was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in FBW and ADG in group E compared with group B(P>0.05);the ratio of feed to gain(F/G),diarrhea rate and mortality in each bacteriophage supplemental group were gradually decreased,the F/G in group E was significantly lower than that in group A(P<0.05),the diarrhea rate and mortality in groups D and E were significantly lower than those in group A(P<0.05),and there were no significant differences compared with group B(P>0.05).2)With the increase of bacteriophage supplementation,the live weight before slaughter,half eviscerated weight,full eviscerated weight,half eviscerated rate and full eviscerated rate of meat rabbits in each bacteriophage supplemental group were gradually increased,the live weight before slaughter in groups D and E was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05),the half eviscerated weight,full eviscerated weight and half eviscerated rate in group E were significantly higher than those in group A(P<

关 键 词：肉兔 噬菌体 生长性能 屠宰性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]