槐角+槐花粗提物对生长肉兔生产性能、消化功能以及免疫性能的影响  

Effects of Fructus Sophorae and Flos Sophorae Crude Extract on Production Performance,Digestive Function and Immune Performance of Growing Meat Rabbits

作　　者：韩雯笑 樊佳奇 贾子凡 范慧敏 刘亚娟[1,2] *陈宝江 HAN Wenxiao;FAN Jiaqi;JIA Zifan;FAN Huimin;LIU Yajuan;CHEN Baojiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Agricultural Technology Innovation Center of Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071001 [2]河北省山区农业技术创新中心,保定071001

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1972-1981,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1302000);河北省特色养殖产业技术体系创新团队(HBCT2024280204);国家兔产业技术体系(CARS-43-B-2)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究槐角+槐花粗提物对生长肉兔生产性能、屠宰性能、养分表观消化率、肠道消化酶活性、免疫器官指数、血清生化与免疫指标及肝脏抗氧化能力的影响。选取体重相近的160只35日龄伊拉商品代肉兔作为试验对象,随机分为4组,每组包含8个重复,每个重复有5只肉兔。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加100(T1组)、200(T2组)和300 g/t(T3组)槐角+槐花粗提物的试验饲粮。饲养试验的预试期为7 d,正试期为28 d。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加不同剂量槐角+槐花粗提物均显著提升了肉兔的终末体重(FBW)(P<0.05);T1和T2组平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)相比对照组显著增加(P<0.05);各组腹泻率和死亡率差异不显著(P>0.05),但以对照组最高。2)T1和T2组的宰前活重、半净膛重和全净膛重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)T2组在总能(GE)和粗蛋白质(CP)表观消化率上显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。4)T2组十二指肠和空肠α-淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),T2、T3组盲肠纤维素酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,各试验组的圆小囊指数显著降低(P<0.05),而脾脏指数和胸腺指数无显著差异(P>0.05)。6)T1和T2组的血清总蛋白(TP)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),T2组的血清溶菌酶(LYS)含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。7)与对照组相比,T2和T3组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加200 g/t槐角+槐花粗提物可以改善生长肉兔的生产性能、消化功能和免疫性能,且对其屠宰性能无不良影响。The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of Fructus Sophorae and Flos Sophorae crude extract on production performance,slaughter performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,intestinal digestive enzyme activities,immune organ indexes,serum biochemical and immune indexes and liver antioxidant capacity of growing meat rabbits.One hundred and sixty 35-day-old Ila meat rabbits with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into four groups,each containing eight replicates with five rabbits in each replicate.Rabbits in control group were fed a basal diet,and those in test groups were supplemented with 100(T1 group),200(T2 group)and 300 g/t(T3 group)of Fructus Sophorae and Flos Sophorae crude extract,respectively.The feeding trial lasted for 35 days with pre-trial period of 7 days and formal trial period of 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)diets supplemented with different doses of Fructus Sophorae and Flos Sophorae crude extract significantly enhanced the final body weight(FBW)of meat rabbits compared with the control group(P<0.05),and the average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)in the T1 and T2 groups were significantly increased(P<0.05);no significant differences were found in the diarrhoea rate and mortality rate among groups(P>0.05),and those in the control group were the highest.2)The live weight before slaughter,full eviscerated weight and half eviscerated rate in the T1 and T2 groups were all significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).3)T2 group was significantly better than the control group in apparent digestibility of gross energy(GE)and crude protein(CP)(P<0.05).4)The activities of α-amylase,lipase and trypsin in duodenum and jejunum in the T2 group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and cecum cellulase activity in the T2 and T3 groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).5)Compared with the control group,the round vesicle index was significantly decreased in the test groups(P<0.05),

关 键 词：槐角+槐花粗提物 肉兔 生产性能 消化功能 免疫性能 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]