歧视的中心化结构与民法平等原则新解  

The Central Structure of Discrimination and the New Interpretation of the Principle of Equality in Civil Law

作　　者：林凯 LIN Kai(People's Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学,北京100038

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2025年第3期28-38,共11页Journal of Yibin University

基　　金：中国人民公安大学2019年度新任教师科研启动基金(2019JKF411);公安部科技计划-公安理论及软科学研究计划“民法典背景下公安机关处置民间纠纷的标准化策略研究”(2021LL44)。

摘　　要：基于对数百项中外判例的实证分析发现,民法平等原则实际规范领域较理论预期显著收窄:在“反对强加意志”类案件中发挥作用的实为自愿原则;在“夫妻平等或股东平等”类案件中发挥作用的实为公平原则。平等原则真正独立规制的对象是不合理的区分对待行为,即歧视行为,其规律性地发生于中心化结构的社会关系场域。实证法上的平等不是空洞的价值宣示,而是由差别对待行为引致、在比较性关系结构中显现的具体人格尊严法益。公法平等原则与民法平等原则具有相互独立的功能,前者专司权力非对称型歧视的治理,后者负责规制权力对称型歧视。Based on the empirical analysis of hundreds of Chinese and foreign cases,it is found that the actual normative field of the principle of equality in civil law is significantly narrower than the theoretical expectation:the principle that plays a role in the case of“opposing the imposition of will”is actually voluntary;in the case of“equality of husband and wife or equality of shareholders”,it is the fairness principle that plays a role.The real independent regulation object of the principle of equality is the unreasonable discrimination behavior,that is,the discrimination behavior,which occurs regularly in the field of social relations in the centralized structure.Equality in positive law is not an empty declaration of value,but a specific legal interest of personal dignity arising from the behavior of differential treatment and manifested in the structure of comparative relations.The principle of equality in public law and the principle of equality in civil law have independent functions.The former is responsible for the governance of asymmetric discrimination of power,while the latter is responsible for the regulation of symmetrical discrimination of power.

关 键 词：平等原则 歧视 中心化结构 差别对待 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]