预约合同强制履行责任探究——兼评《民法典合同编通则解释》第8条  

Exploration into Specific Performance Liability of Pre-contract:Supplementary Reflections on Interpretation of the General Provisions of Contracts in Article 8 of the Civil Code

作　　者：邵义玲 SHAO Yiling(Law School,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610200,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院,四川成都610200

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2025年第3期39-48,共10页Journal of Yibin University

摘　　要：我国现行规范未对预约合同能否适用强制履行责任的问题作出明确回答,这给司法实践和理论研究留下了未决的难题。与本约相比,预约合同具备标的特殊性、内容预备性和功能铺垫性,使得意思自治在预约履行过程中彰显出不容忽视的意义。当事人合意关涉义务内容与责任类型,应将“视内容决定说”作为预约合同效力认定的最佳范式,并在不违背意思自治的前提下探寻强制履行责任适用的可能性。对于达成高度缔约合意的预约合同,应肯定强制缔约责任在其中的约束和保障作用;而对合意程度较低的预约合同,则有必要为当事人留下自由协商空间,此时不宜过早适用强制缔约责任,以免造成对私人自治的过度僭越。The current norms in China do not give a clear answer to the question of whether the contract can be applied to compulsory performance responsibility,which leaves a difficult problem for judicial practice and theoretical research.Compared with this contract,the pre-contract has the particularity of the object,the predisposition of the content and the lay-up of the function,which makes the autonomy of the intention manifest the significance that cannot be ignored in the process of the pre-contract performance.The parties agree that the content of the obligation and the type of responsibility are concerned,so the“content determines”theory should be regarded as the best paradigm for determining the validity of the contract,and the possibility of applying the compulsory performance responsibility should be explored without violating the autonomy of will.For the pre-contract with a high degree of agreement,the binding and safeguarding role of compulsory performance responsibility should be affirmed;for the contract with low degree of agreement,it is necessary to leave free negotiation space for the parties,and it is not appropriate to apply the compulsory performance responsibility too early,so as not to cause excessive arrogation to private autonomy.

关 键 词：预约 意思表示 合同效力 强制履行责任 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]