微生物菌种航天育种研究进展  

Research Progress of Microbial Strain Space Breeding

作　　者：张玉蛟 宋丰成 王琳娟 张哲培 袁峥嵘[1] ZHANG Yujiao;SONG Fengcheng;WANG Linjuan;ZHANG Zhepei;YUAN Zhengrong(School of Biological Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,中国北京100083

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2025年第1期69-76,94,共9页Life Science Research

摘　　要：微生物是重要的生物资源,能给人类的生产生活带来重大的社会效益和经济效益。微生物菌种航天育种是指利用太空独特的环境对微生物进行诱变育种,以获得性状优良的菌株并将其应用于生产实际。近年来,微生物菌种航天育种已成为空间育种研究的热点,但迫切需要开发更多的技术和方法,以推动其在各领域的应用和发展。本文综述了微生物菌种航天育种的背景和机理,并分析了其在农业、食品加工、医药等领域的应用现状。通过列举和探讨宇宙空间独特环境条件对微生物生理生化特征产生的诱变效应,解析了航天育种在微生物资源开发与利用中的重要作用。随着航天技术的进步和育种研究的深入,微生物菌种航天育种有望为农业生产、食品安全和医药健康等领域带来更多创新与突破。本文在已有研究基础上展望了微生物菌种航天育种的发展方向,为微生物菌种的诱变育种研究及其应用提供了重要参考。Microorganisms are important biological resources, offering significant social and economic benefitsfor human activities. Space breeding of microbial strains utilizes the unique space environment to conductspace mutagenic breeding of microorganisms, enabling the acquisition of strains with excellent traitsthat can be applied in practical production. In recent years, space breeding of microbial strains has becomea hot topic in space breeding research, and there is an urgent need to develop more technologies and methodsto promote its application and development in various fields. Herein, the background and mechanisms of microbialstrain space breeding were reviewed, and its application in areas such as agriculture, food processing,and the pharmaceutical industry were analyzed. By discussing mutiple mutagenic effects of the unique environmentalconditions in cosmic space on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of microorganisms,the important role of space breeding in the development and utilization of microbial resources were elucidated.With the advancement of space technology and the deepening of breeding research, space breeding of microbialstrains is expected to bring more innovations and breakthroughs in agricultural production, food safety,and medical health. This article outlines the future development directions of microbial strain space breedingon the basis of present research, providing valuable insights for mutagenic breeding of microbial strains.

关 键 词：航天育种 微生物 诱变机理 农作物菌株 抗生素 肠道功能菌 

分 类 号：Q933[生物学—微生物学]