中国式农村养老模式的变迁、困境与完善  

The Transition,Dilemma,and Improvement of Chinese-style Rural Endowment Pattern

作　　者：原新[1] 凃坤鹏 YUAN Xin;TU Kunpeng

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期53-66,共14页Journal of China Agricultural University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“基于人口高质量发展的多维人口红利转变研究”(24CRK001)。

摘　　要：坚持中国式农村养老模式是应对城乡老龄化倒置和破解农村养老难题的关键。梳理我国农村养老模式演变的历史脉络,发现中国式农村养老模式的发展趋势主要表现为养老资源供给主体增加和社会化倾向日益明显。现阶段,农村养老模式面临系统性难题,包括自我养老能力不足、家庭养老功能弱化以及社会养老体系和机制尚不完善。展望未来,中国式农村养老应以差异化发展理念为指导,核心在于构建自我、家庭与社会三方协同机制,不断延展形成综合养老模式。因此,需要从个人、家庭以及社会三个层面人手,实施差异化措施,完善中国式农村养老模式。Adhering to the Chinese-style rural endowment pattern is key to addressing the urban-rural aging inversion and solving the problem of rural elderly care.By summarizing the historical evolution of China's rural endowment pattern,it is found that its development trend is mainly reflected in the increasing number of elderly care resource providers and a growing tendency toward socialization.At present,the rural endowment pattern faces systemic challenges,including insufficient self-care ability,the weakening function of family-based elderly care,and the underdeveloped social elderly care system and mechanisms.Looking into the future,the Chinese-style rural endowment pattern will be based on a differentiated development concept,with its core centered on establishing a collaborative mechanism among individuals,families,and society,while continuously extending toward a comprehensive elderly care model.Therefore,it is necessary to implement differentiated measures across multiple levels,including individuals,families,and society,to improve the Chinese-style rural endowment pattern.

关 键 词：农村养老 养老模式 人口老龄化 

分 类 号：D66[政治法律—政治学]