大熊猫主食竹青川箭竹更新生长发育特征及影响因子研究  

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of the Growth and Development of Fargesia rufa,A Staple Food of Giant Pandas

作　　者：王文玲 刘天骄 李雨芯 郑冰权 何飞 彭波 周世强 李德生 冉江洪[1] WANG Wenling;LIU Tianjiao;LI Yuxin;ZHENG Bingquan;HE Fei;PENG Bo;ZHOU Shiqiang;LI Desheng;RAN Jianghong(Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resource and Eco‐Environment of Ministry Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Sichuan Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve Administrative Bureau,Beichuan,Sichuan Province 622750,China;China Conservation and Research Center for Giant Panda,Dujiangyan,Sichuan Province 611830,China;Key Laboratory of SFGA on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in the Giant Panda National Park,Dujiangyan,Sichuan Province 611830,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,成都610065 [2]四川小寨子沟国家级自然保护区管理处,四川北川622750 [3]中国大熊猫保护研究中心,四川都江堰611830 [4]大熊猫国家公园珍稀动物保护生物学国家林业和草原局重点实验室,四川都江堰611830

出　　处：《四川动物》2025年第2期194-202,共9页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家林业和草原局重点项目“大熊猫国家公园野生大熊猫种群与栖息地保护关键技术研究”(中国绿化基金会CGF2024001)。

摘　　要：2023年4—7月在四川小寨子沟国家级自然保护区对岷山山系大熊猫主食竹青川箭竹Fargesia rufa的更新生长特征与环境因子的相互关系进行了研究。结果表明:(1)青川箭竹的发笋期约60 d,平均发笋时间为(30.23±0.71)d,平均发笋量为(5.41±0.27)株/m^(2),活竹密度为(32.72±1.04)株/m^(2);(2)青川箭竹幼笋-幼竹的高度与生长时间呈极显著关系,表现为“S”型增长趋势,基径也与生长时间呈极显著的线性关系;(3)在样地尺度下,不同海拔段、郁闭度的发笋量差异均极显著,表现为海拔越高,发笋量越大,郁闭度为0.50~0.74的林下发笋量最多;(4)在样方尺度下,成竹高度与发笋时间、笋高度和笋基径显著相关,灌木层高度与发笋期显著相关,灌木层盖度和乔木盖度与发笋量显著相关,草本层高度与笋基径显著相关。本研究揭示了青川箭竹的生长发育及其与环境因子之间存在的复杂关系,有利于为大熊猫保护和栖息地的恢复提供理论参考。From April to July 2023,an extensive study was undertaken in the Xiaozaizigou National Nature Reserve,lo‐cated within the Minshan Mountain Range,Sichuan Province,to investigate the regeneration growth characteristics of Far‐gesia rufa,a key bamboo species for giant pandas,and its interactions with various environmental factors.The results indi‐cated that:(1)the shooting period of F.rufa extended approximately 60 days,with an average shooting time of(30.23±0.71)days.The average total shoots amounted to(5.41±0.27)stems/m²,while the average population density of living bamboo was(32.72±1.04)stems/m²;(2)the height growth of F.rufa from young shoots to young bamboo exhibited an ex‐tremely significant correlation with the growth period,displaying an‘S-shaped’growth trend,while the basal diameter growth demonstrated an extremely significant linear relationship with the growth period;(3)at the plot scale,total shoots varied significantly across different elevations and canopy densities,which means higher elevations were associ‐ated with increased shoot density,with the highest shoot density observed in forests characterized by a canopy density ranging from 0.50 to 0.74;(4)at the quadrat scale,the mature bamboo height showed a significant correlation with shooting time,shoot height,and shoot basal diameter,the height of the shrub layer was significantly related to the shooting period,while shrub cover and tree cover were closely associated with shoot quantity,and the height of the herbaceous layer was significantly related to shoot basal diameter.The results revealed the complex relationship between the growth pattern of F.rufa and its surroundings,and also provided theoretical references for giant panda conservation and its habitat recovery.

关 键 词：青川箭竹 环境因子 郁闭度 大熊猫 大熊猫国家公园 小寨子沟国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]