不同性别查吾拉牦牛舍饲育肥的生长性能、养分表观消化率、血常规及经济效益比较研究  

Comparative on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,blood routine,and economic benefits of shelter-fed fattening Chawula yaks of different genders

作　　者：董又菡 李明睿 张群英 王登云 郭娜 景小平 米见对[1] 张强 DONG Youhan;LI Mingrui;ZHANG Qunying;WANG Dengyun;GUO Na;JING Xiaoping;MI Jiandui;ZHANG Qiang

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生态学院草地与牦牛实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]西藏自治区那曲市聂荣县农牧业科学技术服务站,西藏那曲852000 [3]省部共建青稞和牦牛种质资源与遗传改良国家重点实验室,西藏拉萨850000 [4]西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第3期23-27,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：查吾拉牦牛良种繁育关键技术集成与示范(项目编号:QYXTZX-NQ2022-01);藏区牦牛藏羊选育提高与高效健康养殖集成示范(项目编号:2022YFD1302100);省部共建青稞和牦牛种质资源与遗传改良国家重点实验室自主课题和开放课题(项目编号:XZNKY-2021-C-014-Z05、XZNKY-CZ-2022-016-10、XZNKY-CZ-2024-04、XZNKY-CZ-2024-05)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究性别对查吾拉牦牛舍饲育肥生长性能、养分表观消化率、血液生理指标及经济效益的影响。选取3周岁、健康、体重为(174.33±19.81)kg的公牦牛和(108.43±5.92)kg的母牦牛各6头,进行短期舍饲育肥试验。预试期10 d,正式试验期60 d。结果显示,公牦牛平均日增重比母牦牛显著提高40.46%(P<0.05)。公牦牛饲粮干物质、有机质和粗蛋白表观消化率均显著低于母牦牛(P<0.05);公牦牛瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸与乙酸浓度显著高于母牦牛(P<0.05),淋巴细胞百分比显著低于母牦牛(P<0.05),粒细胞百分比、血小板数和血小板大细胞比率均显著高于母牦牛(P<0.05)。试验期间,舍饲公牦牛的增重效益和利润收入高于母牦牛。研究表明,舍饲育肥条件下查吾拉公牦牛生长性能优于母牦牛,其养殖经济效益较好。The study aimed to investigate the effects of gender on the growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,blood physiological indexes,and economic benefits of shelter-fed fattening Chawula yak.A total of six three-year-old healthy male yaks with an average weight of(174.33±19.81)kg and six female yaks with an average weight of(108.43±5.92)kg were selected for a short-term shelter-fed fattening trial.The pre-test period was 10 days,and the formal test period was 60 days.The results showed that the average daily weight gain of male yaks was significantly higher than that of female yaks by 40.46%(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,and crude protein in the diet of male yaks was significantly lower than that of female yaks(P<0.05).The total concentration of volatile fatty acids and acetic acid in the rumen of male yaks was significantly higher than that of female yaks(P<0.05).The percentage of lymphocytes in male yaks was significantly lower than that in female yaks(P<0.05),while the percentage of granulocytes,platelet count,and the ratio of large platelet cells were significantly higher in male yaks than in female yaks(P<0.05).During the trial period,the weight gain benefits and profit income of shelter-fed fattening male yaks were significantl higher than those of female yaks.The study indicates that under shelter-fed fattening conditions,Chawula male yaks have better growth performance and higher economic benefits than female yaks.

关 键 词：性别 查吾拉牦牛 舍饲育肥 生长性能 养分表观消化率 经济效益 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]