不同类型中药渣对黑水虻幼虫生长特性和营养组成的影响  

Effects of different types of Chinese medicinal residues on growth characteristics and nutrient composition of larvae of Hermetia illucens

作　　者：王正非 姚安妮 李会伟 郭盛[1] 段金廒[1] WANG Zhengfei;YAO Anni;LI Huiwei;GUO Sheng;DUAN Jinao

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心国家中医药管理局中药资源循环利用重点研究室,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第3期139-144,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2021SFGC1203S);国家中医药管理局中医药创新团队及人才支持计划项目(项目编号:2ZYYCXTD-D-202005);中央本级重大增减支项目(项目编号:22060302)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究不同类型中药渣对黑水虻幼虫生长特性及营养组成的影响。选取热毒宁注射液(RDN组)、金振口服液(JZ组)、桂枝茯苓胶囊(GZFL组)和十全大补丸(SQDB组)4个中成药生产过程产生的复方药渣,黄芪(HQ组)、苦参(KS组)、白扁豆(BBD组)、桃仁(TR组)、枸杞子(GQZ组)、桂枝(GZ组)和蒲公英(PGY组)7个配方颗粒药渣,以及医院处方(YYCF组)煎煮的复杂药渣,对照组(CTR组)饲料为50%麦麸、30%苜蓿粉和20%玉米粉,分别加入5日龄黑水虻幼虫对其转化,测定幼虫的生长特性、转化率和幼虫的营养物成分。结果显示,GZFL组和BBD组的虫干重和幼虫生长率显著高于其他组(P<0.05),GZFL组和GQZ组的幼虫消化蛋白转移率显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。各组幼虫的粗脂肪、粗蛋白、粗灰分、总磷、钙和总氨基酸含量分别为1.72%~46.19%、24.84%~38.88%、4.84%~27.13%、0.67%~1.54%、0.58%~0.95%和19.54%~33.17%。研究表明,粗纤维含量为14.11%~26.34%、粗蛋白含量为10.46%~21.07%或含有补益成分的药渣底物适宜黑水虻幼虫生长,各组幼虫均具有一定的饲用价值。The study aimed to investigate the effects of different types of Chinese medicinal residues on growth characteristics and nutrient composition of larvae of Hermetia illucens.The compound prescription residues of Reduning injection(RDN),Jinzhen Oral Liquid(JZ),Guizhi Fuling Capsule(GZFL),and Shiquan DaBu pill(SQDB)were selected from the production process of four proprietary Chinese medicines respectively.Seven formula granules residues of Astragalus membranaceus(HQ),Sophora flavescens Ait.(KS),Dolichos lablab L.(BBD),Prunus persica L.Batsch(TR),Lycium barbarum L.(GQZ),Cinnamomum cassia(L.)C.(GZ),Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.(PGY),and complex residues from hospital-prescribed decoctions(YYCF)were seleceted.The control(CTR)group diet was composed of 50%wheat bran,30%alfalfa meal and 20%corn meal.Five-day-old Hermetia illucens larvae were introduced to each substrate to evaluate their growth characteristics and conversion efficiency,and the nutritional composition of the larvae was analyzed.The results showed that the dry weight and larval growth rate of GZFL group and BBD group were significantly higher than those of the other groups(P<0.05),and the digestible protein transfer rate of larvae of GZFL group and GQZ group were significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05).The crude fat,crude protein,crude ash,total phosphorus,calcium,and total amino acid concentrations of the larvae ranged from 1.72%~46.19%,24.84%~38.88%,4.84%~27.13%,0.67%~1.54%,0.58%~0.95%,and 19.54%~33.17%,respectively.The study indicates that the residue substrate with crude fiber content of 14.11%~26.34%,crude protein content of 10.46%~21.07%or containing tonic components are suitable for Hermetia illucens larvae growth,and the larvae in each group all have certain feeding value.

关 键 词：中药渣 黑水虻 营养组成 生长特性 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]