液化天然气生产与储运中的汞脱除及工艺优化  

Mercury removal and process optimization in LNG production and transportation

作　　者：沈振振 高飞龙 高勇 汤延帅 秦霖 SHEN Zhen-zhen;GAO Fei-long;GAO Yong;TANG Yan-shuai;QIN Lin(Qilicun Oil Production Plant,Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Yan′an 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司七里村采油厂,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《化学工程师》2025年第3期78-82,104,共6页Chemical Engineer

基　　金：国家科技重大专项任务(2017ZX05008-004-004)资助:典型碎屑岩结构非均质性输导层的地质模型研究。

摘　　要：本研究针对液化天然气(LNG)生产与储运过程中汞的脱除问题,设计并优化了基于巯基功能化的吸附剂的脱汞工艺。通过吸附等温线和吸附动力学分析,探讨了吸附过程的机制及其对汞去除效率的影响。结果表明,巯基功能化吸附剂在常温条件下具有良好的汞吸附性能,汞去除率可达95%以上,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,吸附机制主要为化学吸附。经过多次再生实验验证,吸附剂在使用1%HCl溶液再生后,吸附性能保持良好,5次循环后的吸附容量保持在初始容量的87%左右。此外,通过调整吸附剂用量、操作温度及压力,优化后的工艺在2~5MPa的操作压力下实现了高效脱汞,同时降低了能耗。研究可为LNG生产与储运过程中汞脱除的工艺设计提供理论依据和技术支持。This study addresses the issue of mercury removal during the production and transportation of liquefied natural gas(LNG)by designing and optimizing a mercury removal process based on thiol-functionalized adsorbents.Adsorption isotherm and kinetics analyses were conducted to explore the adsorption mechanism and its effect on mercury removal efficiency.The results indicated that the thiol-functionalized adsorbent exhibited excellent mercury adsorption performance at ambient temperatures,with a mercury removal rate exceeding 95%.The adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model,with chemical adsorption as the dominant mechanism.Multiple regeneration experiments showed that the adsorbent maintained good performance after regeneration with 1%hydrochloric acid,retaining 87%of its initial adsorption capacity after five cycles.Furthermore,by optimizing the adsorbent dosage,operating temperature and pressure,the process achieved efficient mercury removal at 2~5MPa while reducing energy consumption.This study provides theoretical support and technical guidance for mercury removal process design in LNG production and transportation.

关 键 词：液化天然气 汞脱除 巯基功能化吸附剂 吸附动力学 工艺优化 

分 类 号：TE988.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]