温室条件下长芒苋和反枝苋对5种除草剂的敏感性差异  

Sensitivity difference of Amaranthus palmeri and Amaranthus retroflexus to five herbicides in greenhouse condition

作　　者：张锦伟 王瑞[2] 潘玉欣 李江宇 董元元 余苹中[1] 韩平[1] 谢晓娜 赵尔成[1] Zhang Jinwei;Wang Rui;Pan Yuxin;Li Jiangyu;Dong Yuanyuan;Yu Pingzhong;Han Ping;Xie Xiaona;Zhao Ercheng(Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit and Vegetable Pests in North China(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China,Institute of Plant Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology and Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;College of Agriculture and Food Engineering,Baise University;Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;Fruit Industry Association of Shunyi District,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部北方果蔬有害生物绿色防控重点实验室(部省共建),北方果树病虫害绿色防控北京市重点实验室,北京100094 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害国家重点实验室 [3]百色学院农业与食品工程学院 [4]农业农村部农药检定所 [5]北京市顺义区果树产业协会

出　　处：《植物检疫》2025年第2期49-53,共5页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20240703)。

摘　　要：近年来,恶性入侵杂草长芒苋逐渐侵入农田,存在取代反枝苋成为优势杂草的风险,探究二者对常见除草剂的敏感性差异对提高防控的针对性具有重要意义。温室条件下采用剂量-反应试验的方法,研究了砜吡草唑和精异丙甲草胺2种苗前土壤处理除草剂,硝磺草酮、苯唑草酮和草甘膦3种苗后茎叶处理除草剂对长芒苋和反枝苋的药效差异。结果显示砜吡草唑和精异丙甲草胺对长芒苋ED50值分别是反枝苋的0.96倍和2.33倍;硝磺草酮、苯唑草酮和草甘膦对长芒苋ED50值分别是反枝苋的1.75倍、0.30倍和1.04倍。表明长芒苋和反枝苋对砜吡草唑的敏感性相当,反枝苋对精异丙甲草胺的敏感性更高,二者对草甘膦的敏感性相当,对硝磺草酮的敏感性反枝苋更高,对苯唑草酮的敏感性长芒苋更高。因此,在非耕地或玉米田等生境长芒苋的防除中,苗前土壤处理建议优先选择砜吡草唑,苗后茎叶处理应优先选择苯唑草酮,但均建议不同药剂轮换使用。Recently,the invasive weed Amaranthus palmeri have badly infested into cropland,seemingly poised to replace Amaranthus retroflexus as the dominant weed species.Investigating the differences in herbicide sensitivity between these two species is of significant importance for enhancing the specificity of their control measures.A classical dose-response experiment was conducted under greenhouse condition to study the response of A.palmeri and A.retroflexus to two pre-emergence soil-applied herbicides,pyroxasulfone and s-metolachlor,and three post-emergence herbicides,mesotrione,topramezone and glyphosate.The results showed that the ED50 of pyroxasulfone and s-metolachlor for A.palmeri was 0.96 and 2.33 times that of A.retroflexus respectively;the ED50 of mesotrione,topramezone and glyphosate for A.palmeri was 1.75,0.30 and 1.04 times that of A.retroflexus.Results indicated that A.palmeri and A.retroflexus exhibited comparable sensitivity to pyroxasulfone;the latter was much more sensitive to s-metolachlor than the former.Both species showed similar sensitivity to glyphosate,but A.retroflexus was more sensitive to mesotrione than A.palmeri and A.palmeri was more sensitive to topramezone than A.retroflexus.Therefore,in the control of A.palmeri in habitats such as non-cultivated land or corn fields,it is recommended to optimize pyroxasulfone as pre-emergence herbicide,topramezone as the post-emergence herbicide,and the rotation of various herbicides is generally recommended.

关 键 词：长芒苋 反枝苋 除草剂 敏感性 生物测定 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]