弹丸高速侵彻下AZ31B镁合金响应的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Study on Response of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Subjected to High-Velocity Projectile Perforation

作　　者：周涛 刘益军 王子豪 杨开华 ZHOU Tao;LIU Yijun;WANG Zihao;YANG Kaihua(College of Civil Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;CAS Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学土木工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]中国科学技术大学中科院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室,安徽合肥230027

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2025年第4期28-43,共16页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：贵州大学引进人才科研项目(贵大人基合字[2022]34号);贵州大学基础研究项目(贵大基础[2023]42号);贵州大学省级本科教学内容和课程体系改革项目(2023008);贵州省基础研究(自然科学)项目(黔科合基础-zk[2025]面上684)。

摘　　要：镁合金在汽车、航空航天、电子工业等领域的应用日益广泛。为了准确描述AZ31B镁合金在高速冲击荷载作用下的响应,建立了金属动态本构模型,并编译成VUMAT用户子程序。采用万能试验机进行了光滑圆棒的准静态拉伸和异形剪切试验,基于ABAQUS/EXPLICIT建立了有限元模型,通过数值模拟校准了AZ31B镁合金的强度模型和失效准则的相关参数。通过对比数值模拟结果与0.5-cal FSP子弹及20 mm FSP子弹冲击AZ31B镁合金靶板试验结果,验证了模型的精确性和适用性,分析了弹头形状和靶板厚度对弹丸高速侵彻AZ31B镁合金的影响。研究发现:当前模型能较好地预测靶板的弹道极限和穿孔破坏形貌;不同形状弹丸冲击下AZ31B镁合金靶板的失效机制不同,平头弹对应的弹道极限最大,锥形弹对应的弹道极限最小;靶板厚度会影响失效模式,厚靶以剪切破坏为主,而薄靶以弯曲变形和花瓣形撕裂破坏为主。Magnesium alloys have been widely utilized in the automotive,aerospace,and electronics industries.In this paper,a dynamic constitutive model for metal was developed and integrated into a VUMAT user subroutine to precisely predict the behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy subject to highvelocity impact.Quasi-static smooth round bar tensile test and irregular shear test were conducted using a universal testing machine.Finite element models were developed in ABAQUS/EXPLICIT to numerically simulate these tests and to calibrate the relevant parameters of the strength model and failure criteria for AZ31B magnesium alloy.To validate the accuracy and applicability of the present model,the numerical results for 0.5-cal FSP bullet and 20 mm FSP bullet impacting AZ31B magnesium alloy plates were compared with test observations.It is found:the ballistic limit and perforation failure pattern of the plate can be accurately predicted by the present model;the failure mechanism of AZ31B magnesium alloy plates is influenced by projectile nose shape,with the highest ballistic limit corresponding to flat-nosed projectile and the lowest corresponding to conical-nosed projectile;the failure patterns are dependent on plate thickness,i.e.,shear failure occurs in thicker plate,while bending deformation and petal-like tearing failures are dominated in thinner plate.

关 键 词：AZ31B镁合金 动态本构模型 弹丸侵彻 破坏模式 

分 类 号：O385[理学—流体力学] O521.9[理学—力学]