不同热载荷模型对等温反应器管板强度的影响  

The influence of different thermal load models on the strength of an isothermal reactor tube sheet

作　　者：彭德其[1] 党振 张建平[1] 谭卓伟 PENG DeQi;DANG Zhen;ZHANG JianPing;TAN ZhuoWei(School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学机械工程与力学学院,湘潭411105

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期99-109,共11页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金联合项目(2024JJ7546);湘潭大学博士科研启动项目(21QDZ70)。

摘　　要：为提高大型压力容器管板轻量化设计的安全性和经济性,通过数值模拟比较了温度载荷模型、对流载荷模型和流固耦合载荷模型对等温反应器管板温度场和应力场的影响,得到管板关键位置上的应力分布规律,并采用压力容器规范标准对各模型的等效应力进行强度评估。结果表明:温度载荷模型的管板温度梯度最大,管板应力集中现象最突出,流固耦合载荷模型的管板温度梯度最小,管板应力集中现象有较大缓解;管板的局部薄膜应力和一次+二次应力均随管板温度梯度的增加而增大,温度载荷模型的这两种应力分别为36.49 MPa和155.73 MPa,对流载荷模型为31.40 MPa和132.74 MPa,流固耦合载荷模型为27.84 MPa和112.84 MPa。相较于其他两种热载荷模型,采用流固耦合载荷模型计算的管板各项应力更接近真实情况,通过该模型对大型压力容器管板进行优化设计的可靠度最高。In order to improve the safety and economy of lightweight designs of large pressure vessel tube sheets,the effects of temperature load model,convection load model and fluid-solid coupling load model on the tempera-ture field and stress field of isothermal reactor tube sheets have been compared through numerical simulation.The stress distribution rule at the key position of the tube sheet was obtained,and the equivalent stress of each model was evaluated by means of the pressure vessel standard.The results show that the temperature gradient of the tube sheet of the temperature load model is the largest,and the stress concentration of the tube sheet is the most promi-nent.The temperature gradient of the tube sheet of the fluid-solid coupling load model is the smallest,and the stress concentration of the tube sheet is greatly alleviated.The local film stress and the primary+secondary stress of the tube sheet increase with the increase of the temperature gradient of the tube sheet.The two stresses of the temperature load model are 36.49 MPa and 155.73 MPa,respectively.The two stresses of the convection load model are 31.40 MPa and 132.74 MPa,respectively.The two stresses of the fluid-solid coupling load model are 27.84 MPa and 112.84 MPa,respectively.Compared with the other two thermal load models,the stress of the tube sheet calculated by the fluid-solid coupling load model corresponded more closely to actual conditions,and the reliability of the optimized design of the large pressure vessel tube sheet was the highest.

关 键 词：管板 流固耦合 温度梯度 强度设计 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TQ051.6[化学工程]