用于飞行器电子设备散热的蒙皮换热器性能仿真分析  

Proformance Simulation Analysis of Skin Heat Exchanger Applied to Thermal Dissipation of Airceaft Electronic Equipment

作　　者：杨祺[1] 王雪松[1] 刘轶鑫 张文瑞[1] 冶文莲 YANG Qi;WANG Xuesong;LIU Yixin;ZHANG Wenrui;YE Wenlian(Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory,Lanzhou Institute of Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《真空与低温》2025年第2期208-212,共5页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52106027)。

摘　　要：蒙皮换热器利用外界大气作为热沉,以对流换热形式将飞行器内部电子设备产生的热量散发出去,可以有效降低飞行器能耗,减轻飞行器质量,是一种低耗能被动换热方式。以蒙皮换热器在某飞行器的应用为研究对象,通过进行三维建模与网格划分建立飞行器的流场计算模型,基于商用CFD软件ANSYS Fluent,对飞行器的外流场特性进行数值模拟,从而获得了飞行器外壁面的对流换热系数。建立蒙皮换热器的结构模型,分析计算了蒙皮换热器的换热性能。The skin heat exchanger cleverly utilizes the vast external atmosphere as an immense heat sink,and efficiently dissipating the heat generated by the electronic devices housed within an aircraft.This heat dissipation process occurs primarily through convective heat transfer,a method that not only significantly reduces the aircraft's energy consumption but also helps to minimize its overall weight.By adopting this approach,the skin heat exchanger stands as a testament to a highly innovative,lowenergy,and passive heat transfer technique that does not require active intervention or external power sources.To delve deeper into its potential applications within a specific aircraft,a meticulous process was carried out.A precise flow field calculation model was first established,with advanced 3D modeling techniques and mesh partitioning being leveraged to capture every intricate detail of the aircraft's external surface.Being armed with the commercial CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)software ANSYS Fluent,a numerical simulation of the aircraft's external flow field characteristics was conducted.The convective heat transfer coefficient for the aircraft's outer wall,a crucial parameter for understanding and predicting heat transfer efficiencies,was accurately obtained by this simulation.With this invaluable coefficient in hand,a structural model of the skin heat exchanger was then developed.Its heat transfer performance was meticulously evaluated and analyzed,with the obtained convective heat transfer coefficient being used as the thermal boundary condition.It was ensured by this approach that the model was grounded in reality,reflecting the actual heat transfer dynamics that would occur in a real-world application.Through this rigorous and detailed analysis,a comprehensive understanding of the skin heat exchanger's performance and potential benefits within the aircraft could be gained.

关 键 词：电子设备散热 蒙皮换热器 数值仿真 对流换热系数 

分 类 号：TB61[一般工业技术—制冷工程]