HOT器件用旋转式斯特林制冷机数值模拟及实验研究  

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of Rotary Stirling Cryocooler for HOT Infrared Devices

作　　者：耿利红 饶启超 段燕波 刘湘德 迟国春[1] GENG Lihong;RAO Qichao;DUAN Yanbo;LIU Xiangde;CHI Guochun(North China Research Institute of Electro-Optics,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]华北光电技术研究所,北京100015

出　　处：《真空与低温》2025年第2期239-247,共9页Vacuum and Cryogenics

摘　　要：HOT(High Operation Temperature)红外探测器成为第三代红外探测器技术的重要发展方向,针对HOT红外探测器用微型斯特林制冷机的应用需求,对HOT器件用旋转整体式斯特林制冷机进行了数值模拟和实验研究,研究结果表明:在所研究结构参数和运行参数范围内,随着回热器丝网目数的增加,制冷机的制冷量增大,制冷机的热力学效率先增大后减小;存在最优回热器长度、回热器单位冷端质量流量的气体流通面积、密封间隙、运行频率和充气压力使制冷机的热力学效率最大;当压缩活塞与气缸的间隙大于7μm时,制冷机的制冷量和热力学效率急剧减小,而当排出器与冷指的间隙为80~90μm时,制冷机性能达到最优;加工并装配的制冷机样机降温时间为2.73 min@150 K@23℃,制冷机降温过程中最大功耗为14.4 W,稳态功耗为4.8 W@150 K@23℃,制冷量为0.65 W@150 K@23℃。High Operation Temperature(HOT)infrared detectors have become an important development direction for the third-generation of infrared detector technology due to the advantages of smaller size,lighter weight,lower power consumption,higher performance and lower price.In response to the application requirements of miniature Stirling cryocoolers for HOT infrared detectors,this article conducted a comparison of different HOT infrared detectors and the corresponding cryocoolers both domestically and internationally.A numerical simulation of the rotary integral Stirling cryocooler for HOT infrared detectors was carried out.Based on the numerical calculations,the manufacturing and experimental testing of the designed miniature rotary integral Stirling cryocooler were carried out.The results indicate that the cooling capacity of the Stirling cryocooler increases with the increase of regenerator mesh count within the range of studied structural and operational parameters.However,the thermodynamic efficiency of the Stirling cryocooler shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of regenerator mesh count.There are an optimal regenerator length,gas flow area per unit mass flow rate of the regenerator cold end,sealing clearance,operation frequency and charging pressure to maximize the thermodynamic efficiency of the Stirling cryocooler.When the gap between the compression piston and the cylinder exceeds 7μm,there is a significant decrease in the cooling capacity and the thermodynamic efficiency of the Stirling cryocooler.Optimal performance of the Stirling cryocooler is achieved when the clearance between the displacer and the cold finger is maintained within the range of 80μm to 90μm.A HOT infrared detector was processed and tested using the designed miniature rotary integral Stirling cryocooler.The test results indicate that the cooling time of the miniature rotary integral Stirling cryocooler is 2.73 min@150 K@23℃and the corresponding cooling capacity is 0.65 W@150 K@23℃.The maximum and th

关 键 词：斯特林制冷机 旋转式 高工作温度 红外探测器 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]