构造地震还是爆炸地震?  

Tectonic Earthquake or Explosive Earthquake?

作　　者：张旗[1] 原杰 焦守涛 郭钊 ZHANG Qi;YUAN Jie;JIAO Shoutao;GUO Zhao(Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;School of Resources and Environment,Xingtai University,Xingtai,Hebei 054001,China;Integrated Natural Resources Survey Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100055,China;Technology Innovation Center for Geological Information,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100055,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]邢台学院资源与环境学院,河北邢台054001 [3]中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京100055 [4]自然资源部地质信息工程技术创新中心,北京100055

出　　处：《邢台学院学报》2025年第2期23-39,共17页Journal of Xingtai University

基　　金：地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查国家科技重大专项(2024ZD1001003);自然资源部深地科学与探测技术实验室开放课题(202211);国家重点研发计划项目:基于地质云的地质灾害基础信息提取与大数据分析挖掘(2018YFC1505501);中国地质调查局项目:地球科学大数据“一张图”体系建设与知识服务(DD20230761)。

摘　　要：地震破坏性大,地震成因争论大,地震预测一筹莫展。地震成因复杂,按成因分类,大体可分为构造地震与非构造地震两类。构造地震是当前学术界的主流观点。非构造地震种类很多,其中爆炸地震(或隐爆地震)可能是最重要的。爆炸地震理论的核心概念是地下气体爆炸,隐爆角砾岩是爆炸地震的关键证据,隐爆角砾岩(筒)即震源中心。超临界流体转变为气体,气体体积膨胀,进而冲破围岩阻力是导致爆炸的原因。按照构造地震理论,地震是很难预测的,而按照爆炸地震理论,地震是可以预测的。按照构造地震理论,减震防灾是几乎不可能的,而按照爆炸地震理论,浅源地震(<10 km)减震防灾也可能是有办法的。Earthquakes are highly destructive phenomena,sparking considerable debate in earthquake causes and presenting significant challenges in prediction.The genesis of earthquakes is intricate and is broadly categorized into two principal types:tectonic earthquakes and non-tectonic earthquakes.Tectonic earthquakes represent the dominant perspective in the academic community.Among non-tectonic earthquakes,there are various types.One of the most significant is explosive earthquakes(also known as Cryptoexplosive Earthquake).The key of explosive earthquake theory involves underground gas explosions,with of cryptoexplosive breccia serving as diagnostic evidence for such events.The cryptoexplosive breccia(tube)is considered the Hypocenter.These explosions are triggered by the transformation of supercritical fluids into gases,which,upon expansion,overcome the resistance of the surrounding rock.Tectonic earthquake theory posits that earthquakes are inherently unpredictable,whereas explosive earthquake theory suggests that prediction may be feasible.Aligning with the principles of tectonic earthquake theory,the prediction and effective mitigation of seismic disasters remain a formidable challenge.Conversely,the theory of explosive earthquakes proposes that it may be possible to develop strategies for mitigating and preventing shallow seismic events(<10 km).

关 键 词：构造地震 爆炸地震 超临界流体 震源中心 隐爆角砾岩 

分 类 号：P315.6[天文地球—地震学]