一种基于图像语义分割的洪水检测方法  

A Flood Detection Method based on Image Semantic Segmentation

作　　者：陈春杉 李英祥[1] 钟剑丹[1] CHEN Chunshan;LI Yingxiang;ZHONG Jiandan(College of Communication Engineering,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学通信工程学院,四川成都610225

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2025年第2期151-156,共6页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：四川省科技计划资助项目(2023YFS0428、2023YFG0160)。

摘　　要：为了能以图像的方式对洪水发生情况进行有效检测,提出一种基于图像语义分割的洪水检测方法。首先对洪水图像的Lab空间L分量和RGB空间R分量进行最大分割,将分割结果进行逻辑与运算,然后利用形态学腐蚀去除水纹噪点欠分割和河岸边缘过分割的影响得到预处理图像;在此基础上提出改进区域生长的洪水分割算法,根据洪水区域的分布特点得到初始生长区域,利用图像最大设置区域生长的自适应阈值,进行区域生长得到洪水区域分割图像。此分割算法的准确率和平衡F分数分别为97.05%、97.02%,平均交并比为94.2%,能有效完成洪水图像分割。同时,设计了一种洪水溢流器,能根据算法分割出来的洪水区域,在未发生洪水的基础上计算洪水溢流比,将洪水划为警示、警告、危险3个等级,完成洪水检测。To effectively detect the occurrence of floods through images,this paper proposed a flood detection method based on image semantic segmentation.Firstly,the method used the maximum entropy segmentation on the L component of Lab space and R component of RGB space to segment the flood image,and multiplied the segmentation results.Then,it used morphological erosion to remove the effects of under-segmentation of water wave noise and over-segmentation of riverbank edges,after the above operation,it got a preprocessed image.On this basis,this paper proposed an improved region growth flood segmentation algorithm,according to the distribution characteristics of the flood area,it extracted the initial growth area,so that it obtained the segmentation image of the flood area by using an adaptive threshold which got from the maximum entropy.The accuracy and F-score of this segmentation algorithm reached 97.05%、97.02%,and mloU reached 94.2%,it can effectively complete flood image segmentation.This paper also proposed a method of flood overflow calculation,which can calculate the flood overflow ratio based on the flood segmentation algorithm,and classify the flood into caution,warning,and danger levels,it completed the flood detection.

关 键 词：洪水检测 区域生长 最大 语义分割 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]