直流横磁真空灭弧室电弧运动特性影响因素分析  

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Arc Motion Characteristics of DC Transverse Magnetic Vacuum Interrupter

作　　者：刘晓明 赵媛媛 陈海 闻福岳 LIU Xiaoming;ZHAO Yuanyuan;CHEN Hai;WEN Fuyue(State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Power Distribution Equipment and System,School of Electrical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;C-EPRI Electric Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]智能配用电装备与系统全国重点实验室河北工业大学电气工程学院,天津300401 [2]中电普瑞电力工程有限公司,北京102200

出　　处：《真空科学与技术学报》2025年第3期197-204,共8页Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.52177139)。

摘　　要：在故障开断过程中,横磁真空灭弧室内部的金属蒸气电弧等离子体受横向磁场的作用沿触头表面高速运动,电弧动态演化行为直接影响真空断路器的开断性能。文章结合断路器机构运动特性曲线,建立12 kV/1250 A/25 kA真空灭弧室横磁触头系统三维磁场有限元模型,研究伴随开断进程极间磁场和电弧所受磁吹力变化规律,并探究机构运动特性对开断性能的影响。研究结果表明,提高机构速度特性可以增大电弧弧根在触头表面的旋转速度,但同时会减弱极间磁场。此外,通过仿真分析触头结构参数对电弧作用力的影响,发现将槽隙起点向触头外侧移动或减小槽隙宽度均有利于电弧跨越槽隙,减小电弧在触头表面的停滞时间,有利于提高断路器的开断能力。During the fault breaking process,the metal vapor arc plasma in the vacuum interrupter with a transverse magnetic field moves at high speed along the contact surface,and the evolution of the arc dynamic behavior directly affects the breaking performance of the vacuum circuit breaker.In this paper,in order to study the action of magnetic blowing force on the arc during the breaking process,and to analyze the influence of the motion characteristics of the operating mechanism on the breaking performance,combing the operating mechanism characteristic of the 12 kV/1250 A/25 kA vacuum circuit breaker,a three-dimensional finite element transverse magnetic field model is established.The research results indicate that the rotational speed of the arc root on the contact surface can be increased by improving the speed characteristics of the mechanism;however,the magnetic field is correspondingly weakened.In addition,by analyzing the effect of contact structure parameters on the force exerted on the arc,it can be obtained that,moving the starting point of the slot towards the outside of the contact or reducing the slot width is beneficial for the arc to cross the slot,and the stagnation time of the arc on the contact surface can be reduced to improve the breaking capacity of the vacuum circuit breaker.

关 键 词：真空断路器 真空电弧等离子体 横向磁场 操作机构 

分 类 号：TM561.2[电气工程—电器]